@zhangyy 2021-05-13T15:04:03.000000Z 字数 22180 阅读 131

Kubernetes1.18.18 集群部署

kubernetes升级系列

Kubernetes1.18.18 集群部署

一：环境初始化准备

1.1 环境信息

系统：CentOS7.9x64
主机名：
cat /etc/hosts
-----
192.168.3.171   t-k8sM-001
192.168.3.172   t-k8sM-002
192.168.3.173   t-k8sM-003
192.168.3.174   t-k8sN-001
192.168.3.175   t-k8sN-002
------

1.2 环境部署需求

1.2.1 单Master架构图：

image_1f5fai19qkdjng11g77rcc13pp9.png-2040.3kB

1.2.2 部署角色分配

 t-k8sM-001 ---> apiserver/controller-manager/scheduer/etcd
 t-k8sM-002 ---> apiserver/controller-manager/scheduer/etcd
 t-k8sM-003 ---> apiserver/controller-manager/scheduer/etcd
 t-k8sN-001 ----> docker/kubelet/kube-proxy/etcd/   
 t-k8sN-002 ----> docker/kubelet/kube-proxy/etcd/

1.2.3 系统初始化

# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.3.171   t-k8sM-001
192.168.3.172   t-k8sM-002
192.168.3.173   t-k8sM-003
192.168.3.174   t-k8sN-001
192.168.3.175   t-k8sN-002
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效
# 时间同步
yum install chronyd
server ntp1.aliyun.com

二：ETCD 环境部署

2.1 etcd 介绍

Etcd 的概念：
Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。

2.2 部署etcd集群

2.2.1 自签名ETCD 证书

cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
找任意一台服务器操作，这里用Master节点。
---
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

image_1f5fbamv9171l1v5u1voa1ni11kk5m.png-60.4kB

1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）
创建工作目录：
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd TLS/etcd
---
自签CA：
  cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
---
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

image_1f5fg3ootg2tupf1mf61r94fuo1j.png-81.5kB

image_1f5fg45tkl0fnaglfd6fg1n6320.png-126.3kB

2. 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
创建证书申请文件：
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.3.171",
    "192.168.3.172",
    "192.168.3.173",
    "192.168.3.174",
    "192.168.3.175",
    "192.168.3.176",
    "192.168.3.177",
    "192.168.3.178",
    "192.168.3.179",
    "192.168.3.180",
    "192.168.3.181",
    "192.168.3.182",
    "192.168.3.183",
    "192.168.3.184",
    "192.168.3.185",
    "192.168.3.186",
    "192.168.3.187",
    "192.168.3.188",
    "192.168.3.189",
    "192.168.3.201"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
生成证书：
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

image_1f5fhgime3c1nl310kk5q6i009.png-145.5kB

2.2.2下载安装etcd

下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.14/etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64.tar.gz
以下在节点1上操作，为简化操作，待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.

1. 创建工作目录并解压二进制包
mkdir /data/application/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /data/application/etcd/bin/

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image_1f5fgf1ei3g3ifv12bc1rpgkms2q.png-56.7kB

创建etcd配置文件
cat > /data/application/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.3.171:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.3.172:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.3.173:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
----
ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
-----

systemd管理etcd 启动文件
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/data/application/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/data/application/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/data/application/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /data/application/etcd/ssl/

image_1f5fhit3f1a371ka7116m1kc65kdm.png-95.1kB

同步所有节点：
scp -P36022 -r /data/application/etcd/ root@192.168.3.172:/data/application/
scp -P36022 /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.3.172:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -P36022 -r /data/application/etcd/ root@192.168.3.173:/opt/application/
scp -P36022 /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.3.173:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

image_1f5fi44k419t31m7a198o1evs8h113.png-131.6kB

然后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP：
vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"   # 修改此处，节点2改为etcd-2，节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2380"   # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.171:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.3.171:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.3.172:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.3.173:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

启动etcd 
同步所有启动所有节点：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

测试：
   ETCDCTL_API=3 /data/application/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/data/application/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.3.171:2379,https://192.168.3.172:2379,https://192.168.3.173:2379" endpoint health

image_1f5fib2afvlfvrg1ir81udu1gg61g.png-94.6kB

三部署kubernetes集群

3.1 部署k8s的Master Node

生成kube-apiserver证书
1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）
cd /root/TLS/k8s/
---
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

image_1f5fq1e02i271l5j1c9pfbfdn11t.png-90.3kB

使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
创建证书申请文件：
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.3.171",
      "192.168.3.172",
      "192.168.3.173",
      "192.168.3.174",
      "192.168.3.175",
      "192.168.3.176",
      "192.168.3.177",
      "192.168.3.178",
      "192.168.3.179",
      "192.168.3.180",
      "192.168.3.181",
      "192.168.3.182",
      "192.168.3.183",
      "192.168.3.184",
      "192.168.3.185",
      "192.168.3.186",
      "192.168.3.187",
      "192.168.3.188",
      "192.168.3.189",
      "192.168.3.201",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

生成证书：
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

image_1f5fshgblb41u3p86dqji1sg12a.png-119.3kB

k8s 的下载安装
  从Github下载二进制文件
下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183
注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。
解压二进制包
mkdir -p /data/application/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /data/application/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

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部署apiserver
 部署kube-apiserver
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.3.171:2379,https://192.168.3.172:2379,https://192.168.3.173:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.3.171 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.3.171 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/16 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/data/application/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/data/application/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/data/application/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

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拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /data/application/kubernetes/ssl/

启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
TLS bootstraping 工作流程：

image_1f5fud1k2vs6125s14ib10un1noe4b.png-170.2kB

创建上述配置文件中token文件：
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

image_1f5fuf9bqn3hajg1tce1a8t8ji4o.png-35kB

systemd管理apiserver
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/data/application/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

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启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

image_1f5fuva001dcn1hj310jup61ohq5i.png-169.7kB

授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

image_1f5fv8hct106mc13n01959g935v.png-62.5kB

部署kube-controller-manager
创建配置文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/16 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

systemd管理controller-manager
  cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/data/application/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

image_1f5fvlipvtbh16i91a0r1i0bqr679.png-83.2kB

启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

部署kube-scheduler
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

systemd管理scheduler
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/data/application/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

查看集群状态：
    kubectl get cs

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3.2 部署node 节点

t-k8sN-001 节点部署docker:
  下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.3.tgz
以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装，用yum安装也一样。
t-k8sN-001 与 t-k8sN-002 节点上面安装

解压二进制包
tar zxvf docker-20.10.3.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin

systemd管理docker
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

创建配置文件
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

配置k8s目录
   下面还是在Master Node上操作，即同时作为Worker Node
创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
在所有worker node创建工作目录：
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}

image_1f5g1pve218ap6ia1d1f14uq16tb83.png-40.4kB

从master节点拷贝
cd /software/kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /data/application/kubernetes/bin   # 本地拷贝

部署kubelet
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=t-k8sM-001 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

image_1f5g2286p1g391d2818ic1v5e16en8g.png-87.7kB

配置参数文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

image_1f5g262jr1jg16pn1fb61dnl1jr08t.png-149.7kB

在 server节点上面执行
 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
写一个boot.sh 脚本 把下面的内容放进去
---
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.3.171:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
---
. ./boot.sh

image_1f5g2b38d18p77m9na11o35qbq9a.png-40.5kB

拷贝到配置文件路径：
cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /data/application/kubernetes/cfg

同步k8s 安装目录到 t-k8sN-001 节点：
scp -P36022 -r /data/application/kubernetes/ root@192.168.3.174:/data/application/

image_1f5hpor1uatg1uouram1h095j09.png-166.1kB

删掉 日志目录(t-k8sN-001)
 cd /data/application/kubernetes/logs/
  rm -rf *

image_1f5hps4hf1mt3tqg19pq7hdsqom.png-169.5kB

修改kubelet.conf 文件
cd /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/
vim kubelet.conf 
-----
--hostname-override=t-k8sN-001
----

image_1f5hqbvie1po3132o1oub1k23kv213.png-105.8kB

systemd管理kubelet
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

image_1f5hqeiqojvt182b1fl8jln48m1g.png-86.2kB

启动kubelet 开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

image_1f5hqi1ikthm17d9mshade15fl1t.png-96.5kB

t-k8sM-001 配置授权
 kubectl get csr

image_1f5hqkcgootdt2ort915oe1mlr2d.png-59.8kB

批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-ogqwQ6-0S8zTmL9nF84MXk24_GUsZYi1ecc7Eu0udV8

image_1f5hqmppb11f9sil10qs1vr91nte2q.png-131.8kB

kubectl get node

image_1f5hqumptrc21ndpg0b2h7nmf37.png-42kB

注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

部署kube-proxy
    部署kube-proxy 
   1. 创建配置文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/data/application/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

配置参数文件
cat > /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: t-k8sN-001
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/16
mode: ipvs
ipvs:
  scheduler: "rr"
iptables:
  masqueradeAll: true
EOF

image_1f5hrj0fm7p51g87ag111s81fjb3k.png-90.4kB

# 切换工作目录
cd /root/TLS/k8s
  # 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF
---
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem
cp -p kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem /data/application/kubernetes/ssl/

image_1f5hrodl9idj1913stu1n6b1hrv41.png-178.5kB

image_1f5hrpbro7jipt81i7t1rd7hbr4e.png-45.5kB

生成kubeconfig文件：
cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
vim kubeconfig.sh
----
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.3.171:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
----

image_1f5hrsjvm1ak51ifvmr1b231g0t4r.png-140.2kB

cp -p kube-proxy.kubeconfig /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/

image_1f5hru6i816nmgm51vtl1dki198k58.png-32.1kB

同步/data/application/kubernetes 目录
scp -P36022 -r /data/application/kubernetes/ root@192.168.3.174:/data/application/

在t-k8sN-001 上面修改文件
cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg
 vim kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=t-k8sN-001
 vim kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: t-k8sN-001

image_1f5hs8p14brq1ngokecs9g1m905l.png-110.7kB

systemd管理kube-proxy
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/data/application/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

image_1f5hscc731s20pfuib3oq1emg62.png-79kB

启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

image_1f5hserdipuu1j752r7i51fih6f.png-107.5kB

部署CNI
   部署CNI网络
先准备好CNI二进制文件：
下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录：
mkdir /opt/cni/bin -p
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin
scp -p36022 -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.3.174:/opt/

image_1f5hsmua4ndp1p9or71ohpb246s.png-30.7kB

image_1f5hsnd5h7cgma2rju1li1an179.png-112.1kB

部署CNI网络：
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

image_1f5i23jm710kp1unq17e7uke1a3c8j.png-150.2kB

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get node

image_1f5i263uq1m0k1felkb64ge1b389d.png-85kB

image_1f5i2535elp11gd4qmu1l591ujh90.png-47.5kB

四：增加一个worker node

4.1 先在增加节点部署一个docker

docker -version

image_1f5i2e89ih7fsba1ik21tbt1obb9q.png-146.6kB

增加 一个 work节点：(从t-k8sN-001 节点同步目录)
 scp -P36022 -r /data/application/kubernetes root@192.168.3.175:/data/application/
 scp -P36022 -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.3.175:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -P36022 -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.3.175:/opt/
scp -P36022 -r /data/application/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.3.175:/data/application/kubernetes/ssl

image_1f5i2qg651e2k10gcmutk9b1etva7.png-63.3kB

删掉 生成文件
 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
rm -rf /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -rf /data/application/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

image_1f5i2tn9j1tcq1t3c6371qc018h3ak.png-39.2kB


修改主机名
vim /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=t-k8sN-002
vim /data/application/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: t-k8sN-002

image_1f5i316jp1k59mqp1jt51djk17b5b1.png-90.2kB

image_1f5i32ckm1v6m13felej1edm19ufbe.png-78.9kB

设置开机启动
启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

image_1f5i35s9cfvrn6j1r5hug53a4br.png-94.3kB

kubectl get csr 
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-wVXc2iMF7kE3a1qjwIGo7qkG0l0lNOGLWaOkU3x7j54

image_1f5i37av4rhg178si2ok89mu4c8.png-55.4kB

image_1f5i3ar3m17os5mbu801251l7fcl.png-118.4kB

kubectl get node

image_1f5i3cd7jfd412bk1m6dmv5173od2.png-72.6kB

配置部署Dashboard和CoreDNS
部署Dashboard:
       wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：
      vim recommended.yaml
---
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：
 vim recommended.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

image_1f5i47nog1vuspge1t3714621i86df.png-42.4kB

----
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
---

image_1f5i4d0jn1uts4dg1vn1lfoj8sf6.png-95.3kB

创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

image_1f5i4eck81v2a2ta1h3kqrr1n6fj.png-227.4kB

打开firefox web 访问：
   https://192.168.3.174:30001

image_1f5i4ldgsbfmatg1si4takdjgd.png-240.8kB

image_1f5i4ig8fuvt1ouc4hi1f171jhgg0.png-358.3kB

配置coreDNS 
  kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml

image_1f5i57e8c1l5o1rr41dfb1bmm1lfvgq.png-63.3kB

DNS解析测试：
kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
进入容器问题：
    创建apiserver到kubelet的权限，就是没有给kubernetes用户rbac授权
error: unable to upgrade connection: Forbidden (user=kubernetes, verb=create, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy)

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kubernetes-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kubernetes
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kubernetes-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet.yaml

image_1f5i5h38u6dd17619vt1ji3h1oh7.png-136.3kB

kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh

nslookup kubernetes

image_1f5i5le5424hreb1u0210bun2vhk.png-34.6kB