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@zhangyy 2021-11-26T15:39:25.000000Z 字数 25195 阅读 280

kubernetes 1.20.5 安装配置部署

kubernetes系列

一： 系统环境介绍

1.1 环境准备

  1. 在开始之前，部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件：
  3. 操作系统: CentOS7.9-86_x64
  4. 硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多集群中所有机器之间网络互通
  6. 可以访问外网，需要拉取镜像，如果服务器不能上网，需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
  8. 禁止swap分区

1.2 软件环境：

  1. 操作系统:   CentOS7.9x64
  3. Docker: 20-ce
  5. Kubernetes: 1.20.2

1.3 环境规划

  1. 服务器整体规划：

image_1f34fq9r4e8h182b1e2qh9i1o519.png-98kB

1.4 单Master架构图：

image_1ett5ifnu1s0r1h98btc1eh5rbg9.png-1450.4kB

1.5 单Master服务器规划：

image_1ett5lrijvta19ok1b15gus1hih9.png-329.4kB

1.6 操作系统初始化配置

  1. # 关闭防火墙
  2. systemctl stop firewalld
  3. systemctl disable firewalld
  5. # 关闭selinux
  6. sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
  7. setenforce 0  # 临时
  9. # 关闭swap
  10. swapoff -a  # 临时
  11. sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久
  13. # 根据规划设置主机名
  14. hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
  16. # 在master添加hosts
  17. cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
  18. 192.168.100.11 node01.flyfish
  19. 192.168.100.12 node02.flyfish
  20. 192.168.100.13 node03.flyfish
  21. EOF
  23. # 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
  24. cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
  25. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
  26. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
  27. EOF
  28. sysctl --system  # 生效
  30. # 时间同步
  31. yum install chronyd
  32. server ntp1.aliyun.com

二：ETCD 集群部署

2.1 ETCD 集群的概念

  1. Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障

2.2准备cfssl证书生成工具

  1. cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
  2. 找任意一台服务器操作，这里用Master节点。
  3. ---
  4. wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
  5. wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
  6. wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
  7. chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
  8. mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl
  9. mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson
  10. mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

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2.3 生成Etcd证书

  1. 1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）
  2. 创建工作目录：
  3. mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
  4. cd TLS/etcd
  1. 自签CA：
  2. cat > ca-config.json << EOF
  3. {
  4.   "signing": {
  5.     "default": {
  6.       "expiry": "87600h"
  7.     },
  8.     "profiles": {
  9.       "www": {
  10.          "expiry": "87600h",
  11.          "usages": [
  12.             "signing",
  13.             "key encipherment",
  14.             "server auth",
  15.             "client auth"
  16.         ]
  17.       }
  18.     }
  19.   }
  20. }
  21. EOF
  22. cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
  23. {
  24.     "CN": "etcd CA",
  25.     "key": {
  26.         "algo": "rsa",
  27.         "size": 2048
  28.     },
  29.     "names": [
  30.         {
  31.             "C": "CN",
  32.             "L": "Beijing",
  33.             "ST": "Beijing"
  34.         }
  35.     ]
  36. }
  37. EOF
  38. 生成证书
  39. cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
  40. ls *pem
  41. ca-key.pem  ca.pem

image_1ett660gr1us2ach1hrv1h3f1u4j13.png-160.1kB

  1. 2. 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
  2. 创建证书申请文件：
  3. cat > server-csr.json << EOF
  4. {
  5.     "CN": "etcd",
  6.     "hosts": [
  7.     "192.168.100.11",
  8.     "192.168.100.12",
  9.     "192.168.100.13",
  10.     "192.168.100.14",
  11.     "192.168.100.15",
  12.     "192.168.100.16",
  13.     "192.168.100.17",
  14.     "192.168.100.100"
  15.     ],
  16.     "key": {
  17.         "algo": "rsa",
  18.         "size": 2048
  19.     },
  20.     "names": [
  21.         {
  22.             "C": "CN",
  23.             "L": "BeiJing",
  24.             "ST": "BeiJing"
  25.         }
  26.     ]
  27. }
  28. EOF
  29. 生成证书：
  30. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
  31. ls server*pem
  32. server-key.pem  server.pem

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image_1f34g8ng1ie810d87a111o82g1g.png-64.9kB

2.4 从Github下载二进制文件

  1. 下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.14/etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  2. 以下在节点1上操作，为简化操作，待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.
  3. 1. 创建工作目录并解压二进制包
  4. mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
  5. tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  6. mv etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

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image_1f34gcg041dpf1h801m341jsn1vmn2q.png-133.4kB

2.5 创建etcd配置文件

  1. cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
  2. #[Member]
  3. ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
  4. ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
  5. ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380"
  6. ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379"
  7. #[Clustering]
  8. ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380"
  9. ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379"
  10. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.100.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.100.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.100.13:2380"
  11. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
  12. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
  13. EOF
  14. ---
  15. ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
  16. ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
  17. ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
  18. ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
  19. ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
  20. ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
  21. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
  22. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
  23. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

2.6. systemd管理etcd

  1. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
  2. [Unit]
  3. Description=Etcd Server
  4. After=network.target
  5. After=network-online.target
  6. Wants=network-online.target
  7. [Service]
  8. Type=notify
  9. EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
  10. ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
  11. --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
  12. --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
  13. --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
  14. --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
  15. --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  16. --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  17. --logger=zap
  18. Restart=on-failure
  19. LimitNOFILE=65536
  20. [Install]
  21. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  22. EOF
  1. 4. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
  2. 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
  3. cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
  1. 5. 同步所有主机
  2. scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.100.12:/opt/
  3. scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.100.13:/opt/
  5. scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.100.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
  7. scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.100.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

image_1f34gh93n1msj1sq7tan1flt2fb37.png-237.7kB

  1. 修改192.168.100.12  的etcd配置文件
  2. vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
  3. #[Member]
  4. ETCD_NAME="etcd-2"
  5. ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
  6. ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.12:2380"
  7. ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.12:2379"
  8. #[Clustering]
  9. ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.12:2380"
  10. ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.12:2379"
  11. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.100.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.100.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.100.13:2380"
  12. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
  13. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
  1. 修改192.168.100.13 的etcd 配置文件
  2. vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
  4. #[Member]
  5. ETCD_NAME="etcd-3"
  6. ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
  7. ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.13:2380"
  8. ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.13:2379"
  9. #[Clustering]
  10. ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.13:2380"
  11. ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.13:2379"
  12. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.100.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.100.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.100.13:2380"
  13. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
  14. ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
  1. 启动etcd 集群
  2. service etcd start 
  4. chkconfig etcd on

image_1f34gl2h91jnh465k3vjf1cv23k.png-60.4kB

  1. ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.100.11:2379,https://192.168.100.12:2379,https://192.168.100.13:2379" endpoint health

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image_1f34gmv7b42g1phceei10se1caq4r.png-105kB

  1. 如果输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。如果有问题第一步先看日志：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

三、安装Docker

  1. 1. 下载：
  3. 下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.3.tgz
  4. 以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装，用yum安装也一样。
  5. 在node01.flyfish.cn,node02.flyfish.cn 与 node03.flyfish.cn 节点上面安装
  1. 2. 部署docker
  2. tar -xvf docker-20.10.3.tar
  3. mv docker/* /usr/bin

image_1f34gt2r21gg11d0u55huss1ilp5l.png-89.6kB

  1. mkdir /etc/docker
  2. ---
  4. cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
  5. {
  6.   "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
  7. }
  8. EOF
  9. ----

image_1f34gvsgk3q36m5omo1lkq1cua62.png-91.9kB

  1. 3 systemd管理docker
  2. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
  3. [Unit]
  4. Description=Docker Application Container Engine
  5. Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
  6. After=network-online.target firewalld.service
  7. Wants=network-online.target
  8. [Service]
  9. Type=notify
  10. ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
  11. ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
  12. LimitNOFILE=infinity
  13. LimitNPROC=infinity
  14. LimitCORE=infinity
  15. TimeoutStartSec=0
  16. Delegate=yes
  17. KillMode=process
  18. Restart=on-failure
  19. StartLimitBurst=3
  20. StartLimitInterval=60s
  21. [Install]
  22. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  23. EOF
  1. service docker start 
  2. chkconfig docker on

image_1f34h128tl2d1if6jj1dnl1oiv6f.png-219.9kB

四、部署Master Node

4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书

  1.  生成kube-apiserver证书
  2. 1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）
  3. cd /root/TLS/k8s/
  4. ---
  5. cat > ca-config.json << EOF
  6. {
  7.   "signing": {
  8.     "default": {
  9.       "expiry": "87600h"
  10.     },
  11.     "profiles": {
  12.       "kubernetes": {
  13.          "expiry": "87600h",
  14.          "usages": [
  15.             "signing",
  16.             "key encipherment",
  17.             "server auth",
  18.             "client auth"
  19.         ]
  20.       }
  21.     }
  22.   }
  23. }
  24. EOF
  25. cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
  26. {
  27.     "CN": "kubernetes",
  28.     "key": {
  29.         "algo": "rsa",
  30.         "size": 2048
  31.     },
  32.     "names": [
  33.         {
  34.             "C": "CN",
  35.             "L": "Beijing",
  36.             "ST": "Beijing",
  37.             "O": "k8s",
  38.             "OU": "System"
  39.         }
  40.     ]
  41. }
  42. EOF
  43. 生成证书：
  44. cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
  45. ls *pem
  46. ca-key.pem  ca.pem

image_1ett9us2t1fkpohatt1g3r1aaf7j.png-134.7kB

  1. 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
  2.   创建证书申请文件：
  4.   cat > server-csr.json << EOF
  5. {
  6.     "CN": "kubernetes",
  7.     "hosts": [
  8.       "10.0.0.1",
  9.       "127.0.0.1",
  10.       "192.168.100.11",
  11.       "192.168.100.12",
  12.       "192.168.100.13",
  13.       "192.168.100.14",
  14.       "192.168.100.15",
  15.       "192.168.100.16",
  16.       "192.168.100.17",
  17.       "192.168.100.18",
  18.       "192.168.100.100",
  19.       "kubernetes",
  20.       "kubernetes.default",
  21.       "kubernetes.default.svc",
  22.       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
  23.       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  24.     ],
  25.     "key": {
  26.         "algo": "rsa",
  27.         "size": 2048
  28.     },
  29.     "names": [
  30.         {
  31.             "C": "CN",
  32.             "L": "BeiJing",
  33.             "ST": "BeiJing",
  34.             "O": "k8s",
  35.             "OU": "System"
  36.         }
  37.     ]
  38. }
  39. EOF
  1. 生成证书：
  2. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
  3. ls server*pem
  4. server-key.pem  server.pem

image_1f34hdf61qk514d51k1j1lj84356s.png-139.4kB

4.2 从Github下载二进制文件

  2. 下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md#v1202
  3. 注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

4.3 解压二进制包

  1. mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
  2. tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  3. cd kubernetes/server/bin
  4. cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
  5. cp kubectl /usr/bin/
  6. cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/

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  1. 4.4 部署kube-apiserver
  2. 1. 创建配置文件
  3.   cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
  4. KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  5. --v=2 \\
  6. --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  7. --etcd-servers=https://192.168.100.11:2379,https://192.168.100.12:2379,https://192.168.100.13:2379 \\
  8. --bind-address=192.168.100.11 \\
  9. --secure-port=6443 \\
  10. --advertise-address=192.168.100.11 \\
  11. --allow-privileged=true \\
  12. --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
  13. --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
  14. --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
  15. --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
  16. --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
  17. --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
  18. --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
  19. --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
  20. --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
  21. --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
  22. --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  23. --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
  24. --service-account-issuer=api \\
  25. --service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
  26. --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
  27. --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
  28. --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
  29. --requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  30. --proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
  31. --proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
  32. --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
  33. --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
  34. --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
  35. --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
  36. --enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
  37. --audit-log-maxage=30 \\
  38. --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
  39. --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
  40. --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
  41. EOF
  43. ---
  44. 注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。
  45. –logtostderr：启用日志
  46. —v：日志等级
  47. –log-dir：日志目录
  48. –etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
  49. –bind-address：监听地址
  50. –secure-port：https安全端口
  51. –advertise-address：集群通告地址
  52. –allow-privileged：启用授权
  53. –service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
  54. –enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
  55. –authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
  56. –enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
  57. –token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
  58. –service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
  59. –kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
  60. –tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
  61. –etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
  62. –audit-log-xxx：审计日志
  64. •1.20版本必须加的参数：--service-account-issuer，--service-account-signing-key-file
  65. •--etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
  66. •--audit-log-xxx：审计日志
  67. •启动聚合层相关配置：--requestheader-client-ca-file，--proxy-client-cert-file，--proxy-client-key-file，--requestheader-allowed-names，--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，--requestheader-group-headers，--requestheader-username-headers，--enable-aggregator-routing

image_1f34rkkfu1c3jo1o1m4r13oi18ai3h.png-268.9kB

  1. 2. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
  2. 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
  3. cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

image_1f34i4a8b14421ns81akv1uh1c5u9j.png-35.4kB

  1. 3. 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
  2. TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
  3. TLS bootstraping 工作流程：

image_1ettejkig1l2batokrn1ecn7uoah.png-301.7kB

  1. 创建上述配置文件中token文件：
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
  3. c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
  4. EOF
  5. 格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组
  6. token也可自行生成替换：
  7. head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

4.4 systemd管理apiserver

  1. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
  2. [Unit]
  3. Description=Kubernetes API Server
  4. Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
  5. [Service]
  6. EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
  7. ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
  8. Restart=on-failure
  9. [Install]
  10. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  11. EOF
  1. 启动并设置开机启动
  2. systemctl daemon-reload
  3. systemctl start kube-apiserver
  4. systemctl enable kube-apiserver

image_1f34i5n6c1172q5t6hjk5r1mcead.png-277.5kB

4.5 部署kube-controller-manager

  1. 1. 创建配置文件
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
  3. KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  4. --v=2 \\
  5. --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  6. --leader-elect=true \\
  7. --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
  8. --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
  9. --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
  10. --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
  11. --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
  12. --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  13. --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
  14. --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  15. --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
  16. --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
  17. EOF

image_1f34ih2rr2hs430j0hmefhevba.png-145.6kB

  1. •--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件
  2. •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
  3. •--cluster-signing-cert-file/--cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致
  1. 2. 生成kubeconfig文件
  3. 生成kube-controller-manager证书：
  5. # 切换工作目录
  6. cd ~/TLS/k8s
  8. # 创建证书请求文件
  9. cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
  10. {
  11.   "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
  12.   "hosts": [],
  13.   "key": {
  14.     "algo": "rsa",
  15.     "size": 2048
  16.   },
  17.   "names": [
  18.     {
  19.       "C": "CN",
  20.       "L": "BeiJing", 
  21.       "ST": "BeiJing",
  22.       "O": "system:masters",
  23.       "OU": "System"
  24.     }
  25.   ]
  26. }
  27. EOF
  29. # 生成证书
  30. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager

image_1f34ikfbf1k45d31nulsbo5cic7.png-123.5kB

image_1f34io4ta1oam1h5c3ijlhjhi9ek.png-132.9kB

  1. 生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）：
  2. KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
  3. KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443"
  5. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  6.   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  7.   --embed-certs=true \
  8.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  9.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  10. kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
  11.   --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
  12.   --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  13.   --embed-certs=true \
  14.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  15. kubectl config set-context default \
  16.   --cluster=kubernetes \
  17.   --user=kube-controller-manager \
  18.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  19. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

image_1f34iptgt1p8ltl61p677kk1mk8f1.png-221.6kB

  1. 3. systemd管理controller-manager
  3. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
  4. [Unit]
  5. Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
  6. Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
  8. [Service]
  9. EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
  10. ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
  11. Restart=on-failure
  13. [Install]
  14. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  15. EOF

image_1f34ir8h7dl0il9180j3lk1db1fe.png-95.5kB

  1. 4. 启动并设置开机启动
  2. systemctl daemon-reload
  3. systemctl start kube-controller-manager
  4. systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

image_1f34isnc31jm5bgnk6517qj112ffr.png-301.2kB

4.6 部署kube-scheduler

  1. 1. 创建配置文件
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
  3. KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  4. --v=2 \\
  5. --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  6. --leader-elect \\
  7. --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
  8. --bind-address=127.0.0.1"
  9. EOF
  1. •--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件
  2. •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

image_1f34iuvp31l8e1aio1gmq1inm1tdsg8.png-63.9kB

  1. 2. 生成kubeconfig文件
  2. 生成kube-scheduler证书：
  3. # 切换工作目录
  4. cd ~/TLS/k8s
  6. # 创建证书请求文件
  7. cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
  8. {
  9.   "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
  10.   "hosts": [],
  11.   "key": {
  12.     "algo": "rsa",
  13.     "size": 2048
  14.   },
  15.   "names": [
  16.     {
  17.       "C": "CN",
  18.       "L": "BeiJing",
  19.       "ST": "BeiJing",
  20.       "O": "system:masters",
  21.       "OU": "System"
  22.     }
  23.   ]
  24. }
  25. EOF
  27. # 生成证书
  28. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler

image_1f34j0to91u3g1msh128l1obd5nqgl.png-230.7kB

  1. 生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）：
  2. KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
  3. KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443"
  5. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  6.   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  7.   --embed-certs=true \
  8.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  9.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  10. kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
  11.   --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
  12.   --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
  13.   --embed-certs=true \
  14.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  15. kubectl config set-context default \
  16.   --cluster=kubernetes \
  17.   --user=kube-scheduler \
  18.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  19. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

image_1f34j2ife1iccqsr1lgc199flc3h2.png-213.5kB

  1. 3. systemd管理scheduler
  2. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
  3. [Unit]
  4. Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
  5. Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
  7. [Service]
  8. EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
  9. ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
  10. Restart=on-failure
  12. [Install]
  13. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  14. EOF
  16. 4. 启动并设置开机启动
  17. systemctl daemon-reload
  18. systemctl start kube-scheduler
  19. systemctl enable kube-scheduler

image_1f34j41gp1gp8hm0okv1re8fbvhf.png-147.2kB

image_1f34j4ld32infp75g81e6gjrfhs.png-280.5kB

  1. 5. 查看集群状态
  2. 生成kubectl连接集群的证书：
  3. cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
  4. {
  5.   "CN": "admin",
  6.   "hosts": [],
  7.   "key": {
  8.     "algo": "rsa",
  9.     "size": 2048
  10.   },
  11.   "names": [
  12.     {
  13.       "C": "CN",
  14.       "L": "BeiJing",
  15.       "ST": "BeiJing",
  16.       "O": "system:masters",
  17.       "OU": "System"
  18.     }
  19.   ]
  20. }
  21. EOF
  23. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

image_1f34j6ad713jkpla1g1sp3j5lri9.png-206kB

  1. 生成kubeconfig文件：
  2. mkdir /root/.kube
  4. KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
  5. KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443"
  7. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  8.   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  9.   --embed-certs=true \
  10.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  11.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  12. kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
  13.   --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
  14.   --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
  15.   --embed-certs=true \
  16.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  17. kubectl config set-context default \
  18.   --cluster=kubernetes \
  19.   --user=cluster-admin \
  20.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  21. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

image_1f34j7ke11a8j9ns79qtd51uauim.png-213kB

  1. 通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态：
  2.   kubectl get cs

image_1f34j9ihvra41bvflpf104pbtqj3.png-66.1kB

  1. 如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。
  1. 6. 授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
  2. kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
  3. --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
  4. --user=kubelet-bootstrap

image_1f34jdli2bilb5m1njulm1hkbjg.png-50.9kB

五、部署Worker Node

5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

  1. 还是在Master Node上操作，即同时作为Worker Node
  2. 在所有worker node创建工作目录：
  3. mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
  4. 从master节点拷贝：
  5. cd kubernetes/server/bin
  6. cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin   # 本地拷贝

image_1f34jh05r14hpt72bam7os4k1jt.png-37.1kB

5.2 部署kubelet

  1. 1. 创建配置文件
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
  3. KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  4. --v=2 \\
  5. --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  6. --hostname-override=node01.flyfish.cn \\
  7. --network-plugin=cni \\
  8. --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
  9. --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
  10. --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
  11. --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
  12. --pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
  13. EOF

image_1f34jkmk919di1vte1p661veo1a1dkn.png-99.5kB

  1. •--hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
  2. •--network-plugin：启用CNI
  3. •--kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
  4. •--bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
  5. •--config：配置参数文件
  6. •--cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
  7. •--pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像
  1. 2. 配置参数文件
  2.    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
  3. kind: KubeletConfiguration
  4. apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
  5. address: 0.0.0.0
  6. port: 10250
  7. readOnlyPort: 10255
  8. cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
  9. clusterDNS:
  10. - 10.0.0.2
  11. clusterDomain: cluster.local 
  12. failSwapOn: false
  13. authentication:
  14.   anonymous:
  15.     enabled: false
  16.   webhook:
  17.     cacheTTL: 2m0s
  18.     enabled: true
  19.   x509:
  20.     clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  21. authorization:
  22.   mode: Webhook
  23.   webhook:
  24.     cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
  25.     cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
  26. evictionHard:
  27.   imagefs.available: 15%
  28.   memory.available: 100Mi
  29.   nodefs.available: 10%
  30.   nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
  31. maxOpenFiles: 1000000
  32. maxPods: 110
  33. EOF

image_1f34jmarb19un1ri0l0q105o1dhjl4.png-160.6kB

  1. 3. 生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件
  2. KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
  3. KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
  4. TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致
  6. # 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
  7. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  8.   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  9.   --embed-certs=true \
  10.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  11.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  12. kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  13.   --token=${TOKEN} \
  14.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  15. kubectl config set-context default \
  16.   --cluster=kubernetes \
  17.   --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  18.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  19. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

image_1f34jp6261ol11jjipe3h4m163ilh.png-273.4kB

  1. 4. systemd管理kubelet
  2. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
  3. [Unit]
  4. Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
  5. After=docker.service
  7. [Service]
  8. EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
  9. ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
  10. Restart=on-failure
  11. LimitNOFILE=65536
  13. [Install]
  14. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  15. EOF
  1. 5. 启动并设置开机启动
  2. systemctl daemon-reload
  3. systemctl start kubelet
  4. systemctl enable kubelet

image_1f34jqm1untd1g0711qkkncjl3lu.png-180.3kB

5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

  2. # 查看kubelet证书请求
  3. kubectl get csr

image_1f34jt61b1pkeidm1bt11lv21ermb.png-66.5kB

  2. # 批准申请
  3. kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4nuKddTQQ9zuio_m9w33lZtp-_FxQw7XYLBZWnAT3DM
  5. # 查看节点
  6. kubectl get node
  8. 注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

image_1f34ju1d61mva1umj1usn1s2g1bg4mo.png-136.8kB

5.4 部署kube-proxy

  1. 1. 创建配置文件
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
  3. KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  4. --v=2 \\
  5. --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  6. --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
  7. EOF
  1. 2. 配置参数文件
  2. cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
  3. kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
  4. apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
  5. bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
  6. metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
  7. clientConnection:
  8.   kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  9. hostnameOverride: node01.flyfish.cn
  10. clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
  11. EOF
  1. 3. 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
  2. 生成kube-proxy证书：
  3. # 切换工作目录
  4. cd ~/TLS/k8s
  6. # 创建证书请求文件
  7. cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
  8. {
  9.   "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  10.   "hosts": [],
  11.   "key": {
  12.     "algo": "rsa",
  13.     "size": 2048
  14.   },
  15.   "names": [
  16.     {
  17.       "C": "CN",
  18.       "L": "BeiJing",
  19.       "ST": "BeiJing",
  20.       "O": "k8s",
  21.       "OU": "System"
  22.     }
  23.   ]
  24. }
  25. EOF
  27. # 生成证书
  28. cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

image_1f34k45gduffhbd1h32g9l1e6cni.png-231kB

  1. 生成kubeconfig文件：
  2. KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
  3. KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443"
  5. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  6.   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  7.   --embed-certs=true \
  8.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  9.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  10. kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  11.   --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  12.   --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  13.   --embed-certs=true \
  14.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  15. kubectl config set-context default \
  16.   --cluster=kubernetes \
  17.   --user=kube-proxy \
  18.   --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  19. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

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  1. 4. systemd管理kube-proxy
  2. cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
  3. [Unit]
  4. Description=Kubernetes Proxy
  5. After=network.target
  7. [Service]
  8. EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
  9. ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
  10. Restart=on-failure
  11. LimitNOFILE=65536
  13. [Install]
  14. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  15. EOF
  16. 5. 启动并设置开机启动
  17. systemctl daemon-reload
  18. systemctl start kube-proxy
  19. systemctl enable kube-proxy

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5.5 部署网络组件

  1. Calico是一个纯三层的数据中心网络方案，是目前Kubernetes主流的网络方案。
  2. 部署Calico：
  3. wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml
  5. k8s1.22+ 
  6.   wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
  8. kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
  9. kubectl get pods -n kube-system
  10. 等Calico Pod都Running，节点也会准备就绪：
  12. kubectl get node 
  14. kubectl get pod -n kube-system

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5.6 授权apiserver访问kubelet

  1. 应用场景：例如kubectl logs
  2. cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
  3. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
  4. kind: ClusterRole
  5. metadata:
  6.   annotations:
  7.     rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  8.   labels:
  9.     kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  10.   name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
  11. rules:
  12.   - apiGroups:
  13.       - ""
  14.     resources:
  15.       - nodes/proxy
  16.       - nodes/stats
  17.       - nodes/log
  18.       - nodes/spec
  19.       - nodes/metrics
  20.       - pods/log
  21.     verbs:
  22.       - "*"
  23. ---
  24. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
  25. kind: ClusterRoleBinding
  26. metadata:
  27.   name: system:kube-apiserver
  28.   namespace: ""
  29. roleRef:
  30.   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  31.   kind: ClusterRole
  32.   name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
  33. subjects:
  34.   - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  35.     kind: User
  36.     name: kubernetes
  37. EOF
  1. kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

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5.7 新增加Worker Node

  1. 1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
  2. 在Master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.100.12/13
  3. scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.100.12:/opt/
  5. scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.100.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system
  7. scp  /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.100.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

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  1. 2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
  2. rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
  3. rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
  4. 注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除

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  1. 3. 修改主机名
  2. vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
  3. --hostname-override=node02.flyfish.cn
  5. vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
  6. hostnameOverride: node02.flyfish.cn

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  1. 4. 启动并设置开机启动
  2. systemctl daemon-reload
  3. systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
  4. systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy

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  1. 5. 在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请
  2. # 查看证书请求
  3. kubectl get csr

image_1f34l7n9g12koukf1qcj1c711hnfsh.png-83.5kB

  2. # 授权请求
  3. kubectl certificate approve node-csr-t0mDd0h5y6T_L0F4vV6UHemyc95NoDhzbXhdGAtjlwg

image_1f34l8lti1kso15oh1ic41m2613vhsu.png-132.7kB

  1. kubectl get node 
  3. kubectl get pod -n kube-system

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  1. 同上配置node03.flyfish.cn 节点
  3.  kubectl get node

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六、部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

  1. 查考官网：
  2. https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases/tag/v2.3.1
  5. 6.1 部署Dashboard
  7. $ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
  9. 默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：
  11. vim recommended.yaml
  12. ----
  13. kind: Service
  14. apiVersion: v1
  15. metadata:
  16.   labels:
  17.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  18.   name: kubernetes-dashboard
  19.   namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
  20. spec:
  21.   ports:
  22.     - port: 443
  23.       targetPort: 8443
  24.       nodePort: 30001
  25.   type: NodePort
  26.   selector:
  27.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  28. ----
  1. kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
  3. kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

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  1. 创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：
  2.  kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
  3. kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
  4. kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

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  1. kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
  2. kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh

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