import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

1、直方图_hist()

价格直方图

获取一个dataframe,并用直方图显示:

stock1 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='600036.XSHG', index_col='datetime')

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.hist(stock1.close, bins=20)
plt.xlabel('Price')
plt.ylabel('Number of Days Observed')
plt.title('Frequency Distribution of 000001 Prices, 2016')
plt.show()

回报率直方图：

R1 = stock1.close.pct_change()[1:]
# 20 bins，代表柱的数量
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.hist(R1, bins=20)
plt.xlabel('Return')
plt.ylabel('Number of Days Observed')
plt.title('Frequency Distribution of 000001 Returns, 2016')
plt.show()

累积直方图

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.hist(R1, bins=20, cumulative=True)
plt.xlabel('Return')
plt.ylabel('Number of Days Observed')
plt.title('Cumulative Distribution of 600036 Returns, 2016')
plt.show()

2、 散点图_scatter()

价格散点图

stock2 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='601318.XSHG', index_col='datetime')

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.scatter(stock1.close, stock2.close, c = ['b','r'], s = 20)
plt.xlabel('600036')
plt.ylabel('601318')
plt.title('Daily Prices in 2017')
plt.show()

回报率散点图：

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
R2 = stock2.close.pct_change()[1:]
plt.scatter(R1, R2,c=['c','r'],s=20)
plt.xlabel('000001')
plt.ylabel('000005')
plt.title('Daily Returns in 2016')
plt.show()

3、 线图_plot

画出价格线图。

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.plot(stock1.close)
plt.plot(stock2.close)
plt.ylabel('Price')
plt.legend(['600036','601318'])
plt.show()

回报率线图

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.plot(R1)
plt.ylabel('Return')
plt.title('600036 Returns')
plt.show()

4、 蜡烛图_candlestick_ohlc

from matplotlib.pylab import date2num
stock1['time'] = list(map(date2num, stock1.index))

candle = stock1.reindex_axis(["time", "open", "high", "low", "close"], 1).values

import matplotlib.finance as mpf
fig, (ax,ax1) = plt.subplots(2,1,sharex=True, figsize=(15,25))
fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
ax.grid(True)
mpf.candlestick_ohlc(ax, candle, width=0.6, colorup='r', colordown='g',alpha=1.0)
ax1.bar(stock1.time,stock1.volume)
ax.xaxis_date ()
plt.show()

5、 多图_subplots & subplot

设置标题，轴标签，多图展示

stock1 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='601318.XSHG', index_col='datetime').close
stock2 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='600000.XSHG', index_col='datetime').close
stock3 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='600016.XSHG', index_col='datetime').close
stock4 = pd.read_excel('sz50.xlsx',sheetname='600028.XSHG', index_col='datetime').close

fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2,figsize=(20, 8))
ax1.plot(stock1)
ax1.set_title('stock')
ax1.set_ylabel('price')
ax1.set_xlabel('date')
ax2.plot(stock2)
ax3.plot(stock3)
ax4.plot(stock4)
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.1, hspace=0.5)
plt.show()

plt.figure(figsize=(7, 5))
plt.subplot(221)
plt.plot(stock1)
plt.xlabel('date')
plt.ylabel('price')
plt.title('stock1')
plt.subplot(222)
plt.plot(stock2)
plt.subplot(223)
plt.plot(stock3)
plt.subplot(224)
plt.plot(stock4)
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.5, hspace=0.5)
plt.show()

双坐标图_twinx

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 7))
plt.plot(stock1,'r')
plt.grid(True)
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('date')
plt.ylabel('Price 1nd')
plt.title('two stock')
plt.legend(['601318'],loc =2)
ax2 = ax1.twinx()  #双坐标
plt.plot(stock4)
plt.ylabel('Price 2nd')
plt.legend(['600028'],loc = 4)
plt.show()

legend（）里的参数

'best' : 0, (only implemented for axes legends)(自适应方式)

'upper right' : 1,

'upper left' : 2,

'lower left' : 3,

'lower right' : 4,

'right' : 5,

'center left' : 6,

'center right' : 7,

'lower center' : 8,

'upper center' : 9,

'center' : 10,

plt.plot?

课堂作业题 （线型、颜色、线宽、样式）

填空题：根据以下要求填空

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12,6))
x = np.linspace(0, 5, 10)
# #   line 1 -- line 4 ，线形图，蓝色线，线宽分别为 0.25 ，0.50 ， 1.00 ，2.00
ax.plot(x, x+1, color=?, linewidth=?)
ax.plot(x, x+2, ? ,?)
ax.plot(x, x+3, ? ,?)
ax.plot(x, x+4, ? ,?)
#   line 5 -- line 8 ，线形图，红色，线宽为2 ，线型（linestyle=）分别为 ‘-‘  ,‘-.’, ‘:’, ‘steps’
ax.plot(x, x+5, )
ax.plot(x, x+6, )
ax.plot(x, x+7, )
ax.plot(x, x+8, )
#   line 9 -- line 12 ，线形图，绿色，线宽为2 ， 线型为 ‘--’，点的样式（marker=） '+' , 'o' , 's' , '>'
# possible marker symbols: marker = '+', 'o', '*', 's', ',', '.', '1', '2', '3', '4', ...
ax.plot(x, x+ 9, )
ax.plot(x, x+10, )
ax.plot(x, x+11, )
ax.plot(x, x+12, )
#  line 13-- line 15，
#  线形图，紫色，线宽为1 ， 线型为 ‘-’，点的样式 'o'  ，样式尺寸（markersize）分别为 2,4,8 ，样式颜色（markerfacecolor）：红色
ax.plot(x, x+13, )
ax.plot(x, x+14, )
ax.plot(x, x+15, )