@linux1s1s
2017-01-09T20:12:52.000000Z
字数 6438
阅读 1451
Base
2017-01
我们不管Build模式是啥,如何使用,在什么场景下使用,我们先看看在Android客户端红遍半边天的第三方库是如何用Build的。
OkHttp构建网络Request:
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
Retrofit构建实例:
Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()).build();
Fresco构建DraweeController实例:
DraweeController controller = Fresco.newDraweeControllerBuilder()
.setUri(Uri.parse(GIF))
.setAutoPlayAnimations(true)
.build();
从上面的三个实例,我们发现,大红大紫的三方库居然都使用了build模式,所以我们本着认真学习的姿势来看看他们是如何干活的。
我们准备以Okhttp为样板,深究内部的实现,其他两个大同小异,不再赘述。
涉及到Build的Request类如下:
Request.java
public final class Request {
private final HttpUrl url;
private final String method;
private final Headers headers;
private final RequestBody body;
private final Object tag;
private volatile CacheControl cacheControl; // Lazily initialized.
private Request(Builder builder) {
this.url = builder.url;
this.method = builder.method;
this.headers = builder.headers.build();
this.body = builder.body;
this.tag = builder.tag != null ? builder.tag : this;
}
public HttpUrl url() {
return url;
}
public String method() {
return method;
}
public Headers headers() {
return headers;
}
public String header(String name) {
return headers.get(name);
}
public List<String> headers(String name) {
return headers.values(name);
}
public RequestBody body() {
return body;
}
public Object tag() {
return tag;
}
public Builder newBuilder() {
return new Builder(this);
}
/**
* Returns the cache control directives for this response. This is never null, even if this
* response contains no {@code Cache-Control} header.
*/
public CacheControl cacheControl() {
CacheControl result = cacheControl;
return result != null ? result : (cacheControl = CacheControl.parse(headers));
}
public boolean isHttps() {
return url.isHttps();
}
@Override public String toString() {
return "Request{method="
+ method
+ ", url="
+ url
+ ", tag="
+ (tag != this ? tag : null)
+ '}';
}
public static class Builder {
private HttpUrl url;
private String method;
private Headers.Builder headers;
private RequestBody body;
private Object tag;
public Builder() {
this.method = "GET";
this.headers = new Headers.Builder();
}
private Builder(Request request) {
this.url = request.url;
this.method = request.method;
this.body = request.body;
this.tag = request.tag;
this.headers = request.headers.newBuilder();
}
public Builder url(HttpUrl url) {
if (url == null) throw new NullPointerException("url == null");
this.url = url;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets the URL target of this request.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code url} is not a valid HTTP or HTTPS URL. Avoid this
* exception by calling {@link HttpUrl#parse}; it returns null for invalid URLs.
*/
public Builder url(String url) {
if (url == null) throw new NullPointerException("url == null");
// Silently replace websocket URLs with HTTP URLs.
if (url.regionMatches(true, 0, "ws:", 0, 3)) {
url = "http:" + url.substring(3);
} else if (url.regionMatches(true, 0, "wss:", 0, 4)) {
url = "https:" + url.substring(4);
}
HttpUrl parsed = HttpUrl.parse(url);
if (parsed == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("unexpected url: " + url);
return url(parsed);
}
/**
* Sets the URL target of this request.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the scheme of {@code url} is not {@code http} or {@code
* https}.
*/
public Builder url(URL url) {
if (url == null) throw new NullPointerException("url == null");
HttpUrl parsed = HttpUrl.get(url);
if (parsed == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("unexpected url: " + url);
return url(parsed);
}
/**
* Sets the header named {@code name} to {@code value}. If this request already has any headers
* with that name, they are all replaced.
*/
public Builder header(String name, String value) {
headers.set(name, value);
return this;
}
/**
* Adds a header with {@code name} and {@code value}. Prefer this method for multiply-valued
* headers like "Cookie".
*
* <p>Note that for some headers including {@code Content-Length} and {@code Content-Encoding},
* OkHttp may replace {@code value} with a header derived from the request body.
*/
public Builder addHeader(String name, String value) {
headers.add(name, value);
return this;
}
public Builder removeHeader(String name) {
headers.removeAll(name);
return this;
}
/** Removes all headers on this builder and adds {@code headers}. */
public Builder headers(Headers headers) {
this.headers = headers.newBuilder();
return this;
}
/**
* Sets this request's {@code Cache-Control} header, replacing any cache control headers already
* present. If {@code cacheControl} doesn't define any directives, this clears this request's
* cache-control headers.
*/
public Builder cacheControl(CacheControl cacheControl) {
String value = cacheControl.toString();
if (value.isEmpty()) return removeHeader("Cache-Control");
return header("Cache-Control", value);
}
public Builder get() {
return method("GET", null);
}
public Builder head() {
return method("HEAD", null);
}
public Builder post(RequestBody body) {
return method("POST", body);
}
public Builder delete(RequestBody body) {
return method("DELETE", body);
}
public Builder delete() {
return delete(RequestBody.create(null, new byte[0]));
}
public Builder put(RequestBody body) {
return method("PUT", body);
}
public Builder patch(RequestBody body) {
return method("PATCH", body);
}
public Builder method(String method, RequestBody body) {
if (method == null) throw new NullPointerException("method == null");
if (method.length() == 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("method.length() == 0");
if (body != null && !HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(method)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("method " + method + " must not have a request body.");
}
if (body == null && HttpMethod.requiresRequestBody(method)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("method " + method + " must have a request body.");
}
this.method = method;
this.body = body;
return this;
}
/**
* Attaches {@code tag} to the request. It can be used later to cancel the request. If the tag
* is unspecified or null, the request is canceled by using the request itself as the tag.
*/
public Builder tag(Object tag) {
this.tag = tag;
return this;
}
public Request build() {
if (url == null) throw new IllegalStateException("url == null");
return new Request(this);
}
}
}
上面的代码很长,其实我们关注的有几点如下:
Request构造器
private Request(Builder builder) {
this.url = builder.url;
this.method = builder.method;
this.headers = builder.headers.build();
this.body = builder.body;
this.tag = builder.tag != null ? builder.tag : this;
}
注意是个私有构造器,而且参数是Builder实例,这个构造器限制了必须通过Builder实例才能生成Request实例,并且,只能在看得到构造器的地方调用如下所示:
public Request build() {
if (url == null) throw new IllegalStateException("url == null");
return new Request(this);
}
这个成员方法build()构造了Request实例,所以有必要看一下如何获取Build实例
public Builder() {
this.method = "GET";
this.headers = new Headers.Builder();
}
private Builder(Request request) {
this.url = request.url;
this.method = request.method;
this.body = request.body;
this.tag = request.tag;
this.headers = request.headers.newBuilder();
}
提供了两个重载的构造器,而且分别是私有的和公有的,所以对于类的外部来说,只能通过公有构造器获取Build实例,然后在调用成员方法build()构造Request实例,当然如果如果想反向获取Build实例,也可以直接通过Request的成员方法获取,如下:
public Builder newBuilder() {
return new Builder(this);
}
对于上面的设计,可能有些人会问,为啥非得通过Build这个类来间接的完成Request的构建呢?
原因个人理解是,因为Request的参数比较多,通过Build可以有效的管理这些参数,另外还可以做有效性检查等其他操作。
至于其他的原因读者可以另行补充。