移动机器人英语阅读训练

English

Part 1. 预备知识

1) 英语基本句式

a) 主语 + 谓语 （+ 宾语）
He activates the device. (主动）
他启动了这台设备。
The device is activated (by him). （被动）
这台设备被启动了（被他）。

b) There be ... （in/at/on/within ...）
There are many students in the classroom.
在教室里有一些学生。
There is a book in the table.
在桌上有一本书。

c) It is ... that/to ...
It was obvious that he could not finish the work.
It is important to make this right before the boss come.

2) 英语动词的形式

a) 原形
动词原形不包含时间信息，只简单说明一个动作和行为。
I like to swim in summer. (swim 为原形)
b) 现在形式
和原形一致，但第三人称单数（他、她、它）做主语时，要做变化：+ s 或者 es.
Most men love football.
He loves football.
c) 正在进行形式（现在分词）
动词原形+ing，表示正在进行的行为，或作形容词用，表示正在进行中的事，或用于进行此行为的物。
reading room: 阅读室
running man: 跑着的人

d) 过去形式（过去式）
原形+ed（或其它形式），表示过去的行为。
I loved football. (love --> loved)
I forgot to tell him. (forget --> forgot)
I cut the cake last light. (cut --> cut)

e) 完成形式（过去分词）
原形+ed（或其它形式），表示已经完成的行为。或用作形容词，表示“被动作的”人或事物。

I have done the work.
I have got the letter.
I have cut the cake.

a broken car 一辆坏掉(被毁坏)的车
a stored record 一条被存储的记录

3) 不同动词形式的翻译

We talk about the problem.
我们讨论那个问题。
We will talk about that problem.
我们将要讨论那个问题。
We would talk about that problem.
我们将要讨论那个问题。（说的是过去某个时候）
We are going to talk about that problem.
我们将要讨论那个问题。
We were going to talk about that problem.
我们将要讨论那个问题。（说的是过去某个时候）
We are talking about that problem.
我们正在讨论那个问题。
We were talking about that problem.
我们正在讨论那个问题。（说的是过去某个时候）
We talked about the problem.
我们讨论那个问题.（说的是过去某个时候）
We have talked about the problem.
我们已经讨论过那个问题了。（强调结果）
We had talked about the problem (at that time).
我们已经讨论过那个问题了。（说的是过去某个时候,强调结果）
We have been talking about that problem (for two hours).
我们一直在讨论那个问题。（比如两小时了）
We had been talking about that problem.
我们一直在讨论那个问题。（说的是过去某个时候）

The problem is talked about.
The problem will be talked about.
The problem would be talked about.
The problem is going to be talked about.
The problem was going to be talked about.
The problem was talked about.
The problem has been talked about.
The problem had been talked about.
The problem has been talking about.
The problem had been talking about.

4)用一个完整句子说明一个人或事物或地点等

a) This is the book which you want to read.
b) This is the man who often helps me.
c) LabVIEW includes a compiler that produces native code for the CPU platform.
d) There is a low-cost LabVIEW Student Edition (that is) aimed at educational institutions for learning purposes. There is also an active community of LabVIEW users who communicate through several electronic mailing lists (email groups) and Internet forums.
e) I remember the name of the city where he was born.

Part 2. 翻译训练

1. Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) is a system-design platform and development environment for a visual programming language from National Instruments.

1) laboratory 实验室，研究室
2) virtual 虚拟的
3) instrument 仪器，仪表；乐器
4) engineering 工程
5) workbench 工作台
6) LabVIEW -- Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench
7) system 系统；体制
8) design 设计
9) system-design (用于)系统设计的
10) paltform 平台
11) development 开发；发展
12) environment 环境
13) for 针对；为了；因为
14) visual 可视的
15) programming 程序设计，用于程序设计的
16) language 语言
17) from 从；来自
18) national 国家的；民族的

2.