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@Yano 2016-06-10T13:24:51.000000Z 字数 9255 阅读 4104

Struts1 增删改查

Java-Web

文章说明

本篇文章介绍如何使用Struts1进行增删改查，仅是对自己学习的记录，并没有深入分析每个模块（不重复造轮子O(∩_∩)O~）。

Tomcat

开源的Web应用服务器，apache-tomcat-8.0.35-windows-x64.zip仅有10.3M。启动服务：bin-startup.bat。

1.png-28.7kB

数据库

MySQL

建立数据库test，并在其中建立表users。

  1. CREATE DATABASE test
  2. USE test
  1. CREATE TABLE users (
  2.   id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  3.   name varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  4.   sex varchar(2) NOT NULL,
  5.   phone varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  6.   address varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  7.   PRIMARY KEY (id)
  8. ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=42 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

查看表users

  1. DESC users

2.png-17.1kB

数据库管理工具-Navicat

3.png-37.5kB

JDBC

1.png-28.5kB

Struts 1

采用Java Servlet/JSP，实现了基于Java Web应用的MVC框架，是MVC的经典产品。

MVC

5.png-24.9kB

  1. 模型（Model）：DB
  2. 视图（View）：JSP
  3. 控制器（Controller）：ActionServlet

Struts框架

7.png-25.9kB

struts-config.xml：声明和映射Struts组件。

安装 Struts 1

将lib目录下，所有的jar包复制到工程目录WEB-INF的lib目录中。

4.png-76.9kB

配置 Struts 1

在web.xml DD配置文件中，加入

  1.     <servlet>
  2.         <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
  3.         <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
  4.     </servlet>
  6.     <servlet-mapping>
  7.         <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
  8.         <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  9.     </servlet-mapping>

增

add.jsp

  1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  4. <html>
  5. <head>
  6. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  8. <script type="text/javascript">
  9.     function validate(form) {
  11.         if (validatePhone(form)) {
  12.             form.submit();
  13.         }
  14.     }
  16.     function validatePhone(form) {
  18.         var regex = /^\d{7,11}$/;
  20.         if (!regex.test(form["phone"].value)) {
  21.             alert("输入的phone非法！");
  22.             return false;
  23.         }
  25.         return true;
  26.     }
  27. </script>
  29. <title>增加用户界面</title>
  30. </head>
  32. <body>
  33.     <form action="add.do?action=submit" method="post">
  34.         <table>
  35.             <tr>
  36.                 <td>name:</td>
  37.                 <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
  38.             </tr>
  39.             <tr>
  40.                 <td>sex:</td>
  41.                 <td><select name="sex">
  42.                         <option value="1">男</option>
  43.                         <option value="2">女</option>
  44.                 </select></td>
  45.             </tr>
  46.             <tr>
  47.                 <td>phone:</td>
  48.                 <td><input type="text" name="phone"></td>
  49.             </tr>
  50.             <tr>
  51.                 <td>address:</td>
  52.                 <td><input type="text" name="address"></td>
  53.             </tr>
  54.             <tr>
  55.                 <td><input type="button" value="add"
  56.                     onclick="validate(this.form);"></td>
  57.             </tr>
  58.         </table>
  59.     </form>
  61. </body>
  62. </html>

8.png-2kB

AddAction.java

  1. package action;
  3. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  4. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  6. import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
  7. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
  8. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
  9. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
  11. import model.DBHelperL;
  13. public class AddAction extends Action {
  15.     @Override
  16.     public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
  17.             HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
  19.         String name = request.getParameter("name");
  20.         String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
  21.         String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
  22.         String address = request.getParameter("address");
  23.         String action = request.getParameter("action");
  25.         if ("submit".equals(action)) {
  26.             if (name == null || name.length() <= 0) {
  28.             } else {
  29.                 // 数据库增加操作
  30.                 DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
  31.                 db.add(name, sex, phone, address);
  32.                 db.close();
  33.                 // 重定向，防止刷新时重复提交表单！
  34.                 response.sendRedirect("show.do");
  35.             }
  36.         }
  38.         return mapping.getInputForward();
  39.     }
  40. }

DB add

  1.     public void add(String name, String sex, String phone, String address) throws SQLException {
  3.         String sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, sex, phone, address) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";
  5.         if (pstm == null) {
  6.             pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
  7.         }
  9.         pstm.setString(1, name);
  10.         pstm.setString(2, sex);
  11.         pstm.setString(3, phone);
  12.         pstm.setString(4, address);
  14.         pstm.execute();
  15.     }

struts-config.xml DD配置

在<action-mappings>中，添加action。

  1.     <action path="/add" type="action.AddAction" input="/pages/add.jsp">
  2.         <forward name="success" path="/show.do"></forward>
  3.     </action>

查

show.jsp

  1. <body>
  2.     <%
  3.         DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
  4.         List<List<String>> lists = db.queryAll();
  5.         db.close();
  7.         request.setAttribute("lists", lists);
  8.     %>
  10.     <form action="show.do" method="post">
  11.         <table align="center">
  12.             <caption>users表的所有数据</caption>
  13.             <tr>
  14.                 <th>count</th>
  15.                 <th>id</th>
  16.                 <th>name</th>
  17.                 <th>sex</th>
  18.                 <th>phone</th>
  19.                 <th>address</th>
  20.                 <th>delete</th>
  21.                 <th>update</th>
  22.             </tr>
  23.             <c:forEach var="list" items="${lists}" varStatus="status">
  24. 				<tr>
  25. 					<td>${status.count}</td>
  26.                     <td>${list.get(0)}</td>
  27. 					<td>${list.get(1)}</td>
  28.                     <td>${list.get(2)}</td>
  29. 					<td>${list.get(3)}</td>
  30.                     <td>${list.get(4)}</td>
  31. 					<td><a href="show.do?deleteID=${list.get(0)}">删除</a></td>
  32.                     <td><a href="update.do?updateID=${list.get(0)}">修改</a></td>
  33.                 </tr>
  34.             </c:forEach>
  35.         </table>
  36.     </form>
  38.     <br>
  39.     <a href="add.do">增加用户</a>
  41. </body>

9.png-4.3kB

DB queryByID

  1.     public List<String> queryByID(String ID) throws SQLException {
  3.         List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
  5.         String sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?";
  7.         pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
  8.         pstm.setString(1, ID);
  9.         ResultSet rs = pstm.executeQuery();
  11.         while (rs.next()) {
  12.             // 将结果顺序存放到一个list中，作为结果返回
  13.             list.add(rs.getString(2));
  14.             list.add(rs.getString(3));
  15.             list.add(rs.getString(4));
  16.             list.add(rs.getString(5));
  17.         }
  18.         return list;
  19.     }

struts-config.xml DD配置

  1.     <action path="/show" type="action.DeleteAction" input="/pages/show.jsp"
  2.         forward="/pages/show.jsp"></action>

删

DeleteAction.java

  1. package action;
  3. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  4. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  6. import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
  7. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
  8. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
  9. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
  11. import model.DBHelperL;
  13. public class DeleteAction extends Action {
  14.     @Override
  15.     public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
  16.             HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
  18.         String ID = request.getParameter("deleteID");
  20.         DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
  21.         db.deleteByID(ID);
  22.         db.close();
  24.         return mapping.getInputForward();
  25.     }
  26. }

DB deleteByID

  1.     public boolean deleteByID(String ID) throws SQLException {
  3.         String sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?";
  5.         pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
  7.         pstm.setString(1, ID);
  9.         return pstm.execute();
  10.     }

改

name和sex不能修改，根据ID更新数据。

update.jsp

  1.     <form
  2.         action="update.do?action=submit&updateID=<%=request.getAttribute("updateID")%>"
  3.         method="post">
  4.         <table>
  5.             <tr>
  6.                 <td>name:</td>
  7.                 <td><input type="text" name="name"
  8.                     value=<%=request.getAttribute("name")%> readonly="readonly"></td>
  9.             </tr>
  10.             <tr>
  11.                 <td>sex:</td>
  12.                 <td><input type="text" name="sex"
  13.                     value=<%=request.getAttribute("sex")%> readonly="readonly"></td>
  14.             </tr>
  15.             <tr>
  16.                 <td>phone:</td>
  17.                 <td><input type="text" name="phone_new"
  18.                     value=<%=request.getAttribute("phone_old")%>></td>
  19.             </tr>
  20.             <tr>
  21.                 <td>address:</td>
  22.                 <td><input type="text" name="address_new"
  23.                     value=<%=request.getAttribute("address_old")%>></td>
  24.             </tr>
  25.             <tr>
  26.                 <td><input type="submit" value="update"></td>
  27.             </tr>
  28.         </table>
  29.     </form>

UpdateAction.java

  1. package action;
  3. import java.util.List;
  5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  8. import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
  9. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
  10. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
  11. import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
  13. import model.DBHelperL;
  15. public class UpdateAction extends Action {
  16.     @Override
  17.     public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
  18.             HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
  20.         String ID = request.getParameter("updateID");
  21.         String action = request.getParameter("action");
  23.         DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
  25.         List<String> list = db.queryByID(ID);
  26.         if (!list.isEmpty()) {
  27.             request.setAttribute("updateID", ID);
  28.             request.setAttribute("name", list.get(0));
  29.             request.setAttribute("sex", list.get(1));
  30.             request.setAttribute("phone_old", list.get(2));
  31.             request.setAttribute("address_old", list.get(3));
  32.         }
  34.         if ("submit".equals(action)) {
  35.             if (ID != null && ID.length() > 0) {
  36.                 String phone_new = request.getParameter("phone_new");
  37.                 String address_new = request.getParameter("address_new");
  38.                 db.updateByID(ID, phone_new, address_new);
  39.                 db.close();
  40.                 response.sendRedirect("show.do");
  41.             }
  42.         }
  44.         db.close();
  46.         return mapping.getInputForward();
  47.     }
  48. }

struts-config.xml

  1.     <action path="/update" type="action.UpdateAction" input="/pages/update.jsp">
  2.         <forward name="success" path="/show.do"></forward>
  3.     </action>

10.png-2.8kB

中文乱码

Filter

  1. package filters;
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import javax.servlet.Filter;
  6. import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
  7. import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
  8. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  9. import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
  10. import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
  12. public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
  14.     String encoding = null;
  16.     @Override
  17.     public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
  19.         encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
  21.         if (encoding == null || encoding.length() <= 0) {
  22.             encoding = "UTF-8";
  23.         }
  24.     }
  26.     @Override
  27.     public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
  28.             throws IOException, ServletException {
  30.         request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
  31.         chain.doFilter(request, response);
  32.     }
  34.     @Override
  35.     public void destroy() {
  37.     }
  39. }

web.xml DD中配置

  1.     <filter>
  2.         <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
  3.         <filter-class>filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  4.         <init-param>
  5.             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
  6.             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  7.         </init-param>
  8.     </filter>
  10.     <filter-mapping>
  11.         <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
  12.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  13.     </filter-mapping>

其它问题

防止刷新-重复提交表单

  1. response.sendRedirect("show.do");

表单验证-JavaScript

用button替代submit，在JavaScript中满足条件时，调用form.submit()。

  1. <input type="button" value="add" onclick="validate(this.form);">

JavaScript代码：

  1. <script type="text/javascript">
  2.     function validate(form) {
  4.         if (validatePhone(form)) {
  5.             form.submit();
  6.         }
  7.     }
  9.     function validatePhone(form) {
  11.         var regex = /^\d{7,11}$/;
  13.         if (!regex.test(form["phone"].value)) {
  14.             alert("输入的phone非法！");
  15.             return false;
  16.         }
  18.         return true;
  19.     }
  20. </script>

首页跳转到.do

在默认的jsp文件中，转发到指定的URL。

  1. <jsp:forward page="show.do"></jsp:forward>

DEMO 下载链接

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i5rX6fz

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