Bat-实战基础篇（一）

• 时间：2017年10月11日
• 作者：Kali
• 邮箱：cyysu.github.io@gmail.com/2869905223@qq.com/微信lwyx1413
• 版本：4.0
• 描述：批处理教程基础篇，主要介绍一些语法

Bat系列教程

项目实战

我们这里的例子采用Makefile系列教程-项目篇（一），这两个脚本具有同样的功能。遇到不会的内容时刻查看help xx

# 这里先补充一下基础知识：
1. 批处理文件命令行参数
%[1-9]表示参数，参数是指在运行批处理文件时在文件名后加的以空格（或者Tab）分隔的字符串。变量可以从%0到%9，%0表示批处理命令本身，其它参数字符串用%1到%9顺序表示。
2. 常用的基本命令和语法
   @echo off： 表示不回显命令执行，只显示执行结果
   md       ： 表示建立文件夹 make directory
   rd       ： 删除文件夹
   ren      ： 重命名
   move     ： 移动文件
   start    ： 可以启动一个应用程序，打开文件夹或者文件
   echo     ： 输出描述信息
   pause    ： 程序暂停，等待任意按键按下终止程序
   dir      ： 列出当前目录
   goto     ： 跳转label
   rem      ： 表示注释信息
   ::       ： 表示注释信息
   %%       ： 行注释信息或者获取变量
   set      ： 表示设置变量
   doskey   ： 给系统设置别名
   call     ： 调用另外一个脚本
   type     ： 列出文件内容
   ^        ： 取消该符号定义
   shift    ： 移位传入的参数，可以使用shift /? 来查看帮助
   CLIP     ： 剪切板  如 CLIP < README.TXT  表示将 readme.txt 的一份文本放入 Windows 剪贴板。
   %~f0     ： 表示运行的文件全路径  
   %*       ： 代表所有参数
   %~nx0    ： 表示文件的名字 
   xcopy    ： 强大的复制，常用示例：xcopy e:\*.* d: /s /h /d /y ::复制E盘所有内容到D盘
   ver      ： 显示系统版本
# 下面来个例子来学习一下上面的命令
@ echo off  
::设置xx变量
set xx=123         
::设置xx1变量     
set xx1=456             
set x
echo xx变量为: %xx%
::调用系统变量 ERRORLEVEL表示上一条执行状态
echo %os%
echo %JAVA_HOME%
echo %ERRORLEVEL%
pause
# 执行结果
xx=123
xx1=456
xx value =  123
Windows_NT
D:\software\jdk1.8
请按任意键继续. . .
# for循环
@echo off  
set /a total = 0  
:: 只查看文件夹
for /d %%i in (./*) do (
    echo %%i
    pause
) 
::查看bat文件
for %%x in (*.bat) do (
    echo %%x
)
goto :end
:example1
::/L表示增量形式
for /L %%i in (1,1,5) do (
     echo %%i
)
goto :end
:example2
::查找pdf的个数
for %%x in (*.pdf) do (  
    echo %%x  
    set /a total = total + 1  
)  
goto :end
:example3
::输出结果信息  
echo %total% pdf files  
goto :end
:end
pause
# 语法知识
set /A 进行算术的命令
set /p 表示从终端读取
pause >nul 表示不打印输出信息
wait 等待

@ECHO OFF
REM Command file for Sphinx documentation
if "%SPHINXBUILD%" == "" (
    set SPHINXBUILD=sphinx-build
)
set BUILDDIR=build
set ALLSPHINXOPTS=-d %BUILDDIR%/doctrees %SPHINXOPTS% source
set I18NSPHINXOPTS=%SPHINXOPTS% source
if NOT "%PAPER%" == "" (
    set ALLSPHINXOPTS=-D latex_paper_size=%PAPER% %ALLSPHINXOPTS%
    set I18NSPHINXOPTS=-D latex_paper_size=%PAPER% %I18NSPHINXOPTS%
)
if "%1" == "" goto help
if "%1" == "help" (
    :help
    echo.Please use `make ^<target^>` where ^<target^> is one of
    echo.  html       to make standalone HTML files
    echo.  dirhtml    to make HTML files named index.html in directories
    echo.  singlehtml to make a single large HTML file
    echo.  pickle     to make pickle files
    echo.  json       to make JSON files
    echo.  htmlhelp   to make HTML files and a HTML help project
    echo.  qthelp     to make HTML files and a qthelp project
    echo.  devhelp    to make HTML files and a Devhelp project
    echo.  epub       to make an epub
    echo.  latex      to make LaTeX files, you can set PAPER=a4 or PAPER=letter
    echo.  text       to make text files
    echo.  man        to make manual pages
    echo.  texinfo    to make Texinfo files
    echo.  gettext    to make PO message catalogs
    echo.  changes    to make an overview over all changed/added/deprecated items
    echo.  xml        to make Docutils-native XML files
    echo.  pseudoxml  to make pseudoxml-XML files for display purposes
    echo.  linkcheck  to check all external links for integrity
    echo.  doctest    to run all doctests embedded in the documentation if enabled
    echo.  coverage   to run coverage check of the documentation if enabled
    goto end
)
# /s 表示删除指定目录和其所有子目录   /q 删除内容不需要确认
if "%1" == "clean" (
    for /d %%i in (%BUILDDIR%\*) do rmdir /q /s %%i
    del /q /s %BUILDDIR%\*
    goto end
)
REM Check if sphinx-build is available and fallback to Python version if any
%SPHINXBUILD% 2> nul
if errorlevel 9009 goto sphinx_python
goto sphinx_ok
:sphinx_python
set SPHINXBUILD=python -m sphinx.__init__
%SPHINXBUILD% 2> nul
if errorlevel 9009 (
    echo.
    echo.The 'sphinx-build' command was not found. Make sure you have Sphinx
    echo.installed, then set the SPHINXBUILD environment variable to point
    echo.to the full path of the 'sphinx-build' executable. Alternatively you
    echo.may add the Sphinx directory to PATH.
    echo.
    echo.If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from
    echo.http://sphinx-doc.org/
    exit /b 1
)
:sphinx_ok
if "%1" == "html" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b html %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/html
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The HTML pages are in %BUILDDIR%/html.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "dirhtml" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b dirhtml %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/dirhtml
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The HTML pages are in %BUILDDIR%/dirhtml.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "singlehtml" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b singlehtml %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/singlehtml
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The HTML pages are in %BUILDDIR%/singlehtml.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "pickle" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b pickle %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/pickle
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; now you can process the pickle files.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "json" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b json %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/json
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; now you can process the JSON files.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "htmlhelp" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b htmlhelp %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/htmlhelp
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; now you can run HTML Help Workshop with the ^
.hhp project file in %BUILDDIR%/htmlhelp.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "qthelp" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b qthelp %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/qthelp
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; now you can run "qcollectiongenerator" with the ^
.qhcp project file in %BUILDDIR%/qthelp, like this:
    echo.^> qcollectiongenerator %BUILDDIR%\qthelp\Python-OperSource-Project-Developer-Guide.qhcp
    echo.To view the help file:
    echo.^> assistant -collectionFile %BUILDDIR%\qthelp\Python-OperSource-Project-Developer-Guide.ghc
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "devhelp" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b devhelp %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/devhelp
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "epub" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b epub %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/epub
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The epub file is in %BUILDDIR%/epub.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "latex" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b latex %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/latex
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; the LaTeX files are in %BUILDDIR%/latex.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "latexpdf" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b latex %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/latex
    cd %BUILDDIR%/latex
    make all-pdf
    cd %~dp0
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; the PDF files are in %BUILDDIR%/latex.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "latexpdfja" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b latex %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/latex
    cd %BUILDDIR%/latex
    make all-pdf-ja
    cd %~dp0
    echo.
    echo.Build finished; the PDF files are in %BUILDDIR%/latex.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "text" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b text %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/text
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The text files are in %BUILDDIR%/text.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "man" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b man %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/man
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The manual pages are in %BUILDDIR%/man.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "texinfo" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b texinfo %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/texinfo
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The Texinfo files are in %BUILDDIR%/texinfo.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "gettext" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b gettext %I18NSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/locale
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The message catalogs are in %BUILDDIR%/locale.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "changes" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b changes %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/changes
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.The overview file is in %BUILDDIR%/changes.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "linkcheck" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b linkcheck %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/linkcheck
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Link check complete; look for any errors in the above output ^
or in %BUILDDIR%/linkcheck/output.txt.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "doctest" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b doctest %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/doctest
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Testing of doctests in the sources finished, look at the ^
results in %BUILDDIR%/doctest/output.txt.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "coverage" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b coverage %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/coverage
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Testing of coverage in the sources finished, look at the ^
results in %BUILDDIR%/coverage/python.txt.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "xml" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b xml %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/xml
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The XML files are in %BUILDDIR%/xml.
    goto end
)
if "%1" == "pseudoxml" (
    %SPHINXBUILD% -b pseudoxml %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/pseudoxml
    if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
    echo.
    echo.Build finished. The pseudo-XML files are in %BUILDDIR%/pseudoxml.
    goto end
)
:end

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