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@yangwenbo 2022-06-20T17:02:25.000000Z 字数 22429 阅读 394

清华大学-FIB实验室

spark集群搭建

一、前期准备工作

1.1 环境详情

名称 IP 说明 jdk版本 hadoop版本 zookeeper版本 scala版本 spark版本 操作系统
hadoop-spark01 192.168.200.43 Master节点 1.8 3.2.0 3.7.0 2.12.16 3.2.0 ubuntu20.04
hadoop-spark02 192.168.200.44 Slave1节点 1.8 3.2.0 3.7.0 2.12.16 3.2.0 ubuntu20.04
hadoop-spark03 192.168.200.45 Slave2节点 1.8 3.2.0 3.7.0 2.12.16 3.2.0 ubuntu20.04

1.2 添加主机名映射（三节点同步进行）

  1. #添加主机名映射
  2. root@hadoop-spark01:~# vim /etc/hosts
  3. root@hadoop-spark01:~# tail -3 /etc/hosts
  4. 192.168.200.43 hadoop-spark01
  5. 192.168.200.44 hadoop-spark02
  6. 192.168.200.45 hadoop-spark03

1.3 创建hadoop用户（三节点同步进行）

  1. #创建hadoop用户
  2. root@hadoop-spark01:~# adduser hadoop --home /home/hadoop
  4. #为新建的hadoop增加管理员权限
  5. root@hadoop-spark01:~# adduser hadoop sudo

1.4 安装SSH、配置SSH无密码登陆

集群、单节点模式都需要用到 SSH 登陆（类似于远程登陆，你可以登录某台 Linux 主机，并且在上面运行命令），Ubuntu 默认已安装了 SSH client，此外还需要安装 SSH server：

  1. #安装openssh-server
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo apt-get -y install openssh-server
  1. #生成密匙
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
  4. #分发公匙
  5. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ ssh-copy-id 192.168.200.43
  6. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ ssh-copy-id 192.168.200.44
  7. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ ssh-copy-id 192.168.200.45

1.5 下载安装包

进到spark官网

在这需要注意选择合适的安装包，因为我们使用Spark的时候一般都是需要和Hadoop交互的，所以需要下载带有Hadoop依赖的安装包
图片.png-281.3kB

但是这里面只有Spark的最新版本，一般不建议选择最新版本，可以在最新版本往下面回退一两个小版本
图片.png-429.2kB

这个时候就需要选择Hadoop版本对应的Spark安装包，里面Hadoop的版本只有2.7和3.2的，这里选择版本较高的hadoop3.2对应的这个Spark安装包。

hadoop的版本也要跟spark相对应，去hadoop官网选择hadoop3.2
图片.png-352.3kB

这里选择zookeeper作为高可用，进入zookeeper官网下载一个版本
image.png-160.5kB

去scala官网下载 SCALA 2.12.16
image.png-185.3kB

二、安装zookeeper集群

2.1 安装Java环境（三节点同步进行）

  1. #解压JDK
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo tar xf jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo mv /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_162 /usr/local/jdk
  1. #添加环境变量
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ vim ~/.bashrc
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ tail -4 ~/.bashrc
  4. #jdk
  5. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
  6. export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
  7. export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
  9. #使环境变量立即生效
  10. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ source ~/.bashrc
  1. #检查java是否安装成功
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ java -version
  3. java version "1.8.0_162"
  4. Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_162-b12)
  5. Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.162-b12, mixed mode)

2.2 安装zookeeper集群（三节点同步进行）

2.2.1 安装zookeeper
  1. #解压zookeeper
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo tar xf apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo mv /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin /usr/local/zookeeper
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/zookeeper
2.2.2 创建zookeeper数据目录以及日志存放目录
  1. #创建zookeeper数据目录以及日志存放目录
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/data
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/logs
2.2.3 修改zk的配置文件
  1. #复制 zoo_sample.cfg 文件的并命名为为 zoo.cfg，真正用的的是zoo.cfg
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ cat zoo_sample.cfg | egrep -v "^$|^#" >zoo.cfg
  5. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ vim zoo.cfg 
  6. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ cat zoo.cfg 
  7. #通信心跳数，Zookeeper服务器与客户端心跳时间，单位毫秒
  8. tickTime=2000
  9. #LF初始通信时限
  10. initLimit=10
  11. #LF同步通信时限
  12. syncLimit=5
  13. #数据文件夹
  14. dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/data
  15. #日志文件夹
  16. dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/logs
  17. #开启四字命令（版本）
  18. 4lw.commands.whitelist=*
  19. #客户端连接端口
  20. clientPort=2181
  21. #配置集群
  22. server.1=192.168.200.43:2888:3888
  23. server.2=192.168.200.44:2888:3888
  24. server.3=192.168.200.45:2888:3888
  1. # 【注意！！！】每台机器上的 myid 是不一样的，server.2 对应的要 echo 2
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ echo 1 > /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark02:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ echo 2 > /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid
  6. hadoop@hadoop-spark03:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ echo 3 > /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid
2.2.4 加入环境变量
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/conf$ cd /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin$ vim zkEnv.sh
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin$ sed -n "32p" zkEnv.sh 
  5. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
2.2.5 配置启、停脚本
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin$ cd /etc/init.d/
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/etc/init.d$ sudo vim zookeeper
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/etc/init.d$ cat zookeeper
  4. #!/bin/bash 
  5. #chkconfig:2345 20 90 
  6. #description:zookeeper 
  7. #processname:zookeeper 
  9. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
  10. case $1 in
  11.         start) sudo /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start;;
  12.         stop) sudo /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh stop;;
  13.         status) sudo /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status;;
  14.         restart) sudo /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh restart;;
  15.         *) echo "require start|stop|status|restart" ;;
  16. esac
  1. #添加权限
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/etc/init.d$ sudo chmod +x zookeeper
2.2.6 启动zookeeper
  1. #启动zookeeper
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/etc/init.d$ service zookeeper start
  4. #查看监听端口
  5. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/etc/init.d$ netstat -anp | grep 2181
  6. tcp6       0      0 :::2181                 :::*                    LISTEN      4702/java           
  7. tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:50654         127.0.0.1:2181          TIME_WAIT   -

三、HDFS-HA集群搭建（三节点同步进行）

3.1 安装Hadoop3.2.0

  1. #安装hadoop
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo tar xf hadoop-3.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo mv /usr/local/hadoop-3.2.0 /usr/local/hadoop
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop
  1. #验证Hadoop是否可用
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop version
  3. Hadoop 3.2.0
  4. Source code repository https://github.com/apache/hadoop.git -r e97acb3bd8f3befd27418996fa5d4b50bf2e17bf
  5. Compiled by sunilg on 2019-01-08T06:08Z
  6. Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
  7. From source with checksum d3f0795ed0d9dc378e2c785d3668f39
  8. This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-3.2.0.jar

3.2 配置PATH变量

  1. #添加环境变量
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ vim ~/.bashrc
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ tail -2 ~/.bashrc
  4. #hadoop
  5. export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin
  7. #使环境变量立即生效
  8. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ source ~/.bashrc

3.3 配置HA集群

在配置集群/分布式模式时，需要修改/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop目录下的配置文件，这里仅设置正常启动所必须的设置项，包括workers 、core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、mapred-site.xml、yarn-site.xml共5个文件。

3.3.1 修改文件workers
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vim workers 
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ cat workers 
  4. hadoop-spark01
  5. hadoop-spark02
  6. hadoop-spark03
3.3.2 修改文件core-site.xml

请把core-site.xml文件修改为如下内容：

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ nano core-site.xml 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ cat core-site.xml
  3. ......
  4. <configuration>
  5.     <property>
  6.         <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
  7.         <value>hdfs://ns1</value>
  8.     </property>
  9.     <property>
  10.         <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
  11.         <value>/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>      
  12.     </property>
  13.     <property>
  14.         <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>
  15.         <value>hadoop</value>
  16.     </property>
  17.     <property>
  18.         <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  19.         <value>hadoop-spark01:2181,hadoop-spark02:2181,hadoop-spark03:2181</value>
  20.     </property>
  21.     <property>
  22.         <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.hosts</name>
  23.         <value>*</value>
  24.     </property>
  25.     <property>
  26.         <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.groups</name>
  27.         <value>*</value>
  28.     </property>
  29. </configuration>
3.3.3 修改文件hdfs-site.xml
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ nano hdfs-site.xml
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ cat hdfs-site.xml
  3. ......
  4. <configuration>
  5.     <property>
  6.         <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled.ns</name>
  7.         <value>true</value>
  8.     </property>
  9.     <property>  
  10.         <name>dfs.replication</name>
  11.         <value>3</value>
  12.     </property>  
  13.     <property>  
  14.         <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
  15.         <value>false</value>
  16.     </property>  
  17.     <property>  
  18.         <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
  19.         <value>ns1</value>
  20.     </property>  
  21.     <property>  
  22.         <name>dfs.blocksize</name>
  23.         <value>134217728</value>
  24.     </property>  
  25.     <property>
  26.         <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>
  27.         <value>nn1,nn2</value>
  28.     </property>  
  29. <!-- nn1的RPC通信地址，nn1所在地址  --> 
  30.     <property>
  31.         <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>
  32.         <value>hadoop-spark01:9000</value>
  33.     </property>  
  34.     <!-- nn1的http通信地址，外部访问地址 -->
  35.     <property>  
  36.         <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1</name>
  37.         <value>hadoop-spark01:50070</value>
  38.     </property>  
  39.     <!-- nn2的RPC通信地址，nn2所在地址 -->
  40.     <property>  
  41.         <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>
  42.         <value>hadoop-spark02:9000</value>
  43.     </property>  
  44.     <!-- nn2的http通信地址，外部访问地址 -->
  45.     <property>  
  46.         <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2</name>
  47.         <value>hadoop-spark02:50070</value>
  48.     </property>  
  49.     <!-- 指定NameNode的元数据在JournalNode日志上的存放位置(一般和zookeeper部署在一起) -->
  50.     <property>  
  51.         <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
  52.         <value>qjournal://hadoop-spark01:8485;hadoop-spark02:8485/ns1</value>
  53.     </property>  
  54.     <!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盘存放数据的位置 -->
  55.     <property>  
  56.         <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
  57.         <value>/usr/local/hadoop/journaldata</value>
  58.     </property>  
  59.     <!--开启namenode失败自动切换-->
  60.     <property>
  61.         <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled.ns1</name>
  62.         <value>true</value>
  63.     </property>
  64.     <!--客户端通过代理访问namenode，访问文件系统，HDFS 客户端与Active 节点通信的Java 类，使用其确定Active 节点是否活跃  -->
  65.     <property>
  66.         <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>
  67.         <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
  68.     </property>  
  69.     <!--这是配置自动切换的方法，有多种使用方法，具体可以看官网，在文末会给地址，这里是远程登录杀死的方法  -->
  70.     <property>  
  71.         <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
  72.         <value>
  73.             sshfence
  74.             shell(/bin/true)
  75.         </value>    
  76.     </property>  
  77.     <!-- 这个是使用sshfence隔离机制时才需要配置ssh免登陆 -->
  78.     <property>  
  79.         <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
  80.         <value>/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
  81.     </property>  
  82.     <!-- 配置sshfence隔离机制超时时间，这个属性同上，如果你是用脚本的方法切换，这个应该是可以不配置的 --> 
  83.     <property>  
  84.         <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>
  85.         <value>30000</value>
  86.     </property>  
  87.     <!-- 这个是开启自动故障转移，如果你没有自动故障转移，这个可以先不配 -->
  88.     <property>  
  89.         <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
  90.         <value>true</value>
  91.     </property>  
  93.     <!-- HDFS文件系统元信息保存目录 -->
  94.     <property>
  95.         <name>dfs.name.dir</name>
  96.         <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/name</value>
  97.     </property>
  98.     <!-- HDFS文件系统数据保存目录 -->
  99.     <property>
  100.         <name>dfs.data.dir</name>
  101.         <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/data</value>
  102.     </property>
  103.     <property>
  104.         <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
  105.         <value>true</value>
  106.     </property>
  107. </configuration>
3.3.4 修改文件mapred-site.xml

把mapred-site.xml文件配置成如下内容：

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ nano mapred-site.xml
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ cat mapred-site.xml
  3. .....
  4. <configuration>
  5. <!--告诉hadoop以后MR(Map/Reduce)运行在YARN上-->
  6.     <property>
  7.         <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
  8.         <value>yarn</value>
  9.     </property>
  10.     <property>
  11.         <name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
  12.         <value>/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapreduce/*,/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*</value>
  13.     </property>
  14. </configuration>
3.3.5 修改文件 yarn-site.xml

请把yarn-site.xml文件配置成如下内容：

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ nano yarn-site.xml 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ cat yarn-site.xml 
  3. ......
  4. <configuration>
  5.     <property>  
  6.         <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
  7.         <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>  
  8.     </property>
  9.     <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
  10.     <!--启用resourcemanager ha-->  
  11.     <!--是否开启RM ha，默认是开启的-->  
  12.     <property>  
  13.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>  
  14.        <value>true</value>  
  15.     </property>
  16.     <!-- 指定resourcemanager的名字 -->
  17.     <property>
  18.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>  
  19.        <value>yrc</value>        
  20.     </property>
  21.     <!-- 使用了2个resourcemanager,分别指定Resourcemanager的地址 -->
  22.     <property>  
  23.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>  
  24.        <value>rm1,rm2</value>  
  25.     </property>
  26.     <!-- 指定rm1的地址 -->
  27.     <property>  
  28.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>  
  29.        <value>hadoop-spark01</value> 
  30.     </property>  
  31.     <!-- 指定rm2的地址  -->
  32.     <property>  
  33.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
  34.        <value>hadoop-spark02</value>  
  35.     </property>  
  36.     <property>
  37.         <name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
  38.         <value>/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/*</value>
  39.     </property>
  40.     <!--指定zookeeper集群的地址-->   
  41.     <property>  
  42.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
  43.        <value>hadoop-spark01:2181,hadoop-spark02:2181,hadoop-spark03:2181</value>
  44.     </property>  
  45.     <!--启用自动恢复，当任务进行一半，rm坏掉，就要启动自动恢复，默认是false-->
  46.     <property>  
  47.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
  48.        <value>true</value>  
  49.     </property>  
  50.       <!-- NodeManager上运行的附属服务，默认是mapreduce_shuffle -->
  51.     <property>
  52.         <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
  53.         <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  54.     </property>
  56.     <property>
  57.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address.rm1</name>
  58.         <value>hadoop-spark01:8032</value>
  59.     </property>
  60.     <property>
  61.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address.rm2</name>
  62.         <value>hadoop-spark02:8032</value>
  63.     </property>
  64.     <property>
  65.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.rm2</name>
  66.         <value>hadoop-spark02:8030</value>
  67.     </property>
  68.     <property>
  69.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm2</name>
  70.         <value>hadoop-spark02:8088</value>
  71.     </property>
  72.     <property>
  73.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.rm2</name>
  74.         <value>hadoop-spark02:8031</value>
  75.     </property>
  76.     <property>
  77.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address.rm2</name>
  78.         <value>hadoop-spark02:8033</value>
  79.     </property>
  80.     <property>
  81.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.admin.address.rm2</name>
  82.         <value>hadoop-spark02:23142</value>
  83.     </property>
  84.     <property>
  85.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.rm1</name>
  86.         <value>hadoop-spark01:8030</value>
  87.     </property>
  88.     <property>
  89.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm1</name>
  90.         <value>hadoop-spark01:8088</value>
  91.     </property>
  92.     <property>
  93.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.rm1</name>
  94.         <value>hadoop-spark01:8031</value>
  95.     </property>
  96.     <property>
  97.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address.rm1</name>
  98.         <value>hadoop-spark01:8033</value>
  99.     </property>
  100.     <property>
  101.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.admin.address.rm1</name>
  102.         <value>hadoop-spark01:23142</value>
  103.     </property>
  104.     <!--指定resourcemanager的状态信息存储在zookeeper集群，默认是存放在FileSystem里面。-->
  105.     <property>  
  106.        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
  107.        <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
  108.     </property> 
  109.     <property>
  110.         <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
  111.         <value>false</value>
  112.         <description>
  113.         </description>
  114.     </property>
  115. </configuration>
3.3.6 配置hadoop JAVA环境变量
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vim hadoop-env.sh 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ sed -n "54p" hadoop-env.sh 
  3. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
3.3.7 先启动journalnode
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark02:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark03:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
3.3.8 其次需要先在Master节点执行namenode的格式化（只需要执行这一次，后面再启动Hadoop时，不要再次格式化namenode），命令如下：
  1. #格式化namenode
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ hdfs namenode -format
  5. #将格式化后的hadoop文件发送给hadoop-spark02(另一个namenode)
  6. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ scp -r /usr/local/hadoop hadoop@hadoop-spark02:/usr/local/
3.3.9 在hadoop-spark01上格式化ZKFC
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ hdfs zkfc -formatZK

3.4 启动Hadoop

3.4.1 先修改它们的启动文件

启动需要在Master节点上进行，执行如下命令：

  1. #在start-dfs.sh和stop-dfs.sh文件中加上下列代码
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ vim start-dfs.sh 
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ tail -6 start-dfs.sh 
  4. HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=hadoop
  5. HDFS_DATANODE_USER=hadoop
  6. HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hadoop
  7. HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=hadoop
  8. HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=hadoop
  9. HDFS_ZKFC_USER=hadoop
  12. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ vim stop-dfs.sh 
  13. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ tail -6 stop-dfs.sh 
  14. HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=hadoop
  15. HDFS_DATANODE_USER=hadoop
  16. HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hadoop
  17. HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=hadoop
  18. HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=hadoop
  19. HDFS_ZKFC_USER=hadoop
  1. 在start-yarn.sh和stop-yarn.sh文件中加上下列代码
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ vim start-yarn.sh 
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ tail -3 start-yarn.sh 
  4. YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=hadoop
  5. HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hadoop
  6. YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=hadoop
  9. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ vim stop-yarn.sh 
  10. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ tail -3 stop-yarn.sh 
  11. YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=hadoop
  12. HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hadoop
  13. YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=hadoop
3.4.2 启动hadoop(由Master节点执行)
  1. #启动hadoop
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ start-all.sh
  4. #启动web查看作业的历史运行情况
  5. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin$ mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver
3.4.3 查看jps
  1. #hadoop-spark01
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ jps
  3. 62704 NameNode
  4. 64068 JobHistoryServer
  5. 63256 DFSZKFailoverController
  6. 64137 Jps
  7. 62106 JournalNode
  8. 63691 NodeManager
  9. 63547 ResourceManager
  10. 62877 DataNode
  12. #hadoop-spark02
  13. hadoop@hadoop-spark02:~$ jps
  14. 61860 NodeManager
  15. 61239 NameNode
  16. 60983 JournalNode
  17. 61368 DataNode
  18. 62153 Jps
  19. 61612 DFSZKFailoverController
  20. 61743 ResourceManager
  22. #hadoop-spark03
  23. hadoop@hadoop-spark03:~$ jps
  24. 60000 DataNode
  25. 60148 NodeManager
  26. 60246 Jps
  27. 59853 JournalNode
3.4.4 验证数据节点是否正常启动

其核心就是Live datanodes不为 0

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ hdfs dfsadmin -report
  2. Configured Capacity: 156133490688 (145.41 GB)
  3. Present Capacity: 107745738752 (100.35 GB)
  4. DFS Remaining: 107745652736 (100.35 GB)
  5. DFS Used: 86016 (84 KB)
  6. DFS Used%: 0.00%
  7. Replicated Blocks:
  8.     Under replicated blocks: 0
  9.     Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
  10.     Missing blocks: 0
  11.     Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 0
  12.     Low redundancy blocks with highest priority to recover: 0
  13.     Pending deletion blocks: 0
  14. Erasure Coded Block Groups: 
  15.     Low redundancy block groups: 0
  16.     Block groups with corrupt internal blocks: 0
  17.     Missing block groups: 0
  18.     Low redundancy blocks with highest priority to recover: 0
  19.     Pending deletion blocks: 0
  21. -------------------------------------------------
  22. Live datanodes (3):
  24. Name: 192.168.200.43:9866 (hadoop-spark01)
  25. Hostname: hadoop-spark01
  26. Decommission Status : Normal
  27. Configured Capacity: 52044496896 (48.47 GB)
  28. DFS Used: 28672 (28 KB)
  29. Non DFS Used: 13456187392 (12.53 GB)
  30. DFS Remaining: 35914149888 (33.45 GB)
  31. DFS Used%: 0.00%
  32. DFS Remaining%: 69.01%
  33. Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
  34. Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
  35. Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
  36. Cache Used%: 100.00%
  37. Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
  38. Xceivers: 1
  39. Last contact: Fri Jun 17 14:13:41 CST 2022
  40. Last Block Report: Fri Jun 17 13:57:02 CST 2022
  41. Num of Blocks: 0
  44. Name: 192.168.200.44:9866 (hadoop-spark02)
  45. Hostname: hadoop-spark02
  46. Decommission Status : Normal
  47. Configured Capacity: 52044496896 (48.47 GB)
  48. DFS Used: 28672 (28 KB)
  49. Non DFS Used: 13455249408 (12.53 GB)
  50. DFS Remaining: 35915087872 (33.45 GB)
  51. DFS Used%: 0.00%
  52. DFS Remaining%: 69.01%
  53. Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
  54. Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
  55. Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
  56. Cache Used%: 100.00%
  57. Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
  58. Xceivers: 1
  59. Last contact: Fri Jun 17 14:13:41 CST 2022
  60. Last Block Report: Fri Jun 17 13:57:02 CST 2022
  61. Num of Blocks: 0
  64. Name: 192.168.200.45:9866 (hadoop-spark03)
  65. Hostname: hadoop-spark03
  66. Decommission Status : Normal
  67. Configured Capacity: 52044496896 (48.47 GB)
  68. DFS Used: 28672 (28 KB)
  69. Non DFS Used: 13453922304 (12.53 GB)
  70. DFS Remaining: 35916414976 (33.45 GB)
  71. DFS Used%: 0.00%
  72. DFS Remaining%: 69.01%
  73. Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
  74. Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
  75. Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
  76. Cache Used%: 100.00%
  77. Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
  78. Xceivers: 1
  79. Last contact: Fri Jun 17 14:13:41 CST 2022
  80. Last Block Report: Fri Jun 17 13:57:02 CST 2022
  81. Num of Blocks: 0

也可以在Linux系统的浏览器中输入地址http://hadoop-spark01:50070/，通过 Web 页面看到查看名称节点和数据节点的状态。如果不成功，可以通过启动日志排查原因。

image.png-287.7kB

至此，就顺利完成了Hadoop集群搭建。

四、安装scala（需要评估是否需要）

4.1 安装scala

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo tar xf scala-2.12.16.tgz -C /usr/local/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo mv /usr/local/scala-2.12.16 /usr/local/scala
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/scala/

4.2 配置环境变量

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ vim ~/.bashrc 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ tail -3 ~/.bashrc 
  3. #scala
  4. export SCALA_HOME=/usr/local/scala
  5. export PATH=$PATH:$SCALA_HOME/bin
  7. #使环境变量立即生效
  8. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ source ~/.bashrc

4.3 查看scala安装的版本是否正确

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ scala -version
  2. Scala code runner version 2.12.16 -- Copyright 2002-2022, LAMP/EPFL and Lightbend, Inc.

4.4 测试scala是否安装成功

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ scala
  2. Welcome to Scala 2.12.16 (Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, Java 1.8.0_162).
  3. Type in expressions for evaluation. Or try :help.
  5. scala> :quit

五、spark集群搭建（三节点同步进行）

5.1 安装Spark（Spark on Yarn）

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo tar xf spark-3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2.tgz -C /usr/local/
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo mv /usr/local/spark-3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2 /usr/local/spark
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/spark/

5.2 修改Spark的配置文件

5.2.1 修改spark-env.sh文件
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ cd /usr/local/spark/conf/
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ cp spark-env.sh.template spark-env.sh
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ vim spark-env.sh
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ tail -22 spark-env.sh
  3. # jdk
  4. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
  5. # Hadoop目录
  6. export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
  7. # Hadoop的配置文件目录
  8. export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
  9. # YARN 的配置文件目录
  10. export YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
  11. # SPARK 的目录
  12. export SPARK_HOME=/usr/local/spark
  13. # SPARK 执行文件目录
  14. export PATH=$SPARK_HOME/bin:$PATH
  15. # Master节点
  16. export SPARK_MASTER_HOST=hadoop-spark01
  17. # 任务提交端口
  18. export SPARK_MASTER_PORT=7077
  19. #每个worker可使用内存量
  20. export SPARK_WORKER_MEMORY=1g
  21. #每个worker可使用核数
  22. export SPARK_WORKER_CORES=1
  23. #修改spark监视窗口的端口
  24. export SPARK_MASTER_WEBUI_PORT=8089
5.2.2 修改worker文件
  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ cp workers.template workers
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ vim workers
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ tail -3 workers
  4. #localhost
  5. hadoop-spark02
  6. hadoop-spark03

5.3 配置spark环境变量

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ vim ~/.bashrc 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ tail -3 ~/.bashrc 
  3. #spark
  4. export SPARK_HOME=/usr/local/spark
  5. export PATH=$PATH:$SPARK_HOME/bin:$SPARK_HOME/sbin
  7. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ source ~/.bashrc

5.4 启动spark

5.4.1 修改启动文件名
  1. #由于spark的启动文件名会与Hadoop集群的启动文件名发生冲突，所以修改spark的启动文件名
  3. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/conf$ cd /usr/local/spark/sbin/
  4. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/sbin$ mv start-all.sh start-all-spark.sh 
  5. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/sbin$ mv stop-all.sh stop-all-spark.sh
5.4.2 启动spark(由Master节点执行)
  1. 启动spark集群
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:/usr/local/spark/sbin$ start-all-spark.sh
5.4.3 查看web界面

http://hadoop-spark01:8089/
image.png-304.7kB

六、测试spark与hadoop集群是否配置成功

6.1 创建test.json文件

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ vim test.json 
  2. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ cat test.json 
  3. {"DEST_COUNTRY_NAME":"United States","ORIGIN_COUNTRY_NAME":"Romania","count":1}

6.2 进入spark终端

  1. hadoop@hadoop-spark01:~$ spark-shell 
  2. Setting default log level to "WARN".
  3. To adjust logging level use sc.setLogLevel(newLevel). For SparkR, use setLogLevel(newLevel).
  4. 2022-06-20 16:34:08,277 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
  5. Spark context Web UI available at http://hadoop-spark01:4040
  6. Spark context available as 'sc' (master = local[*], app id = local-1655714049138).
  7. Spark session available as 'spark'.
  8. Welcome to
  9.       ____              __
  10.      / __/__  ___ _____/ /__
  11.     _\ \/ _ \/ _ `/ __/  '_/
  12.    /___/ .__/\_,_/_/ /_/\_\   version 3.2.0
  13.       /_/
  15. Using Scala version 2.12.15 (Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, Java 1.8.0_162)
  16. Type in expressions to have them evaluated.
  17. Type :help for more information.
  19. scala> val testDF = spark.read.json("file:///home/hadoop/test.json")
  20. testDF: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [DEST_COUNTRY_NAME: string, ORIGIN_COUNTRY_NAME: string ... 1 more field]
  22. scala> testDF.write.format("parquet").save("/spark-dir/parquet/test")
  24. scala>

终端的页面如下
image.png-25.1kB

访问hadoopUI

image.png-160.4kB

产生以下文件说明spark搭建成功

image.png-191kB

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