CSI_Chapter4:Gates and Circuits

CSI 课程学习 所有文稿

0.Goals

• basic gates and their behavior
• implement gates using transistors 晶体管
• circuits
• boolean expressions, truth tables and logic diagrams 布尔表达式，真值表，逻辑图
• half/full adder 半加器/全加器
• multiplexer 多路复用器
• S-R latch S-R 锁存器
• four generations of integrated circuits 集成电路

1.Computer and Electricity

Gates

Circuit

Three notational methods are used to describe the behavior of gates and circuits:

• Boolean expressions: Boolean algebra 布尔代数
• Truth tables
• Logic diagrams

2.Gates

NOT 非门

AND 与门

OR 或门

XOR 异或门

The XOR, or exclusive OR, gate produces a 0 if its two inputs are the same, and a 1 otherwise. The XOR and OR differ in only one input situation: When both input signals are 1, the OR gate produces a 1 and the XOR produces a 0.

Truth Table of XOR gate:

NAND 与非门 and NOR 或非门

They are essentially the opposites of the AND and OR gates. The output of a NAND gate is the same as if you took the output of an AND gate and put it through an inverter 逆变器 (a NOT gate).

Gates with More Inputs

3.Constructing Gates

Transistor 晶体管

Transistor A device that acts either a wire 导线or a resistor 电阻器 , depending on the voltage level of an input signal.

Semiconductor 半导体 Material such as silicon that is neither a good conductor 导体 nor a good insulator 绝缘子 .

4.Circuits

5.Circuits as Memory

6.Integrated Circuits

7.CPU Chips

• 施工中-2019.1.22*