@haokuixi
2015-05-08T21:03:11.000000Z
字数 2468
阅读 2331
linux
shell
I have a Bash shell script in which I would like to pause execution until the user presses a key. In DOS, this is easily accomplished with the "pause" command. Is there a Linux equivalent I can use in my script?
read
does this:
user@host:~$ read -n1 -r -p "Press any key to continue..." key
[...]
user@host:~$
The -n1
specifies that it only waits for a single character. The -r
puts it into raw mode, which is necessary because otherwise, if you press something like backslash, it doesn't register until you hit the next key. The -p
specifies the prompt, which must be quoted if it contains spaces. The key
argument is only necessary if you want to know which key they pressed, in which case you can access it through $key.
If you are using bash, you can also specify a timeout with -t
, which causes read to return a failure when a key isn't pressed. So for example:
read -t5 -n1 -r -p 'Press any key in the next five seconds...' key
if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
echo 'A key was pressed.'
else
echo 'No key was pressed.'
fi
I use a lot these ways that are very short, they are like @theunamedguy and @Jim solutions but with timeout and silent mode in addition.
I especially love the last case and use it in a lot of script that run in loop until the user press Enter.
Enter solution
read -rsp $'Press enter to continue...\n'
Escape solution (with -d $'\e')
read -rsp $'Press escape to continue...\n' -d $'\e'
Any key solution (with -n 1)
read -rsp $'Press any key to continue...\n' -n 1 key
# echo $key
Question with preselected choice (with -ei $'Y')
read -rp $'Are you sure (Y/n) : ' -ei $'Y' key;
# echo $key
Timeout solution (with -t 5)
read -rsp $'Press any key or wait 5 seconds to continue...\n' -n 1 -t 5;
Sleep enhanced alias
read -rst 0.5; timeout=$?
# echo $timeout
-r specifies raw mode, which don't allow combined characters like \
or ^
.
-s specifies silent mode, and because we don't need keyboard output.
-p $'prompt' specifies the prompt, which need to be between $'
and '
to let spaces and escaped characters. Be careful, you must put between single quotes with dollars symbol to benefit escaped characters, otherwise you can use simple quotes.
-d $'\e' specifies escape as delimiter charater, so as a final character for current entry, this is possible to put any character but be careful to put a character that the user can type.
-n 1 specifies that it only needs a single character.
-e specifies readline mode.
-i $'Y' specifies Y as initial text in readline mode.
-t 5 specifies a timeout of 5 seconds
key serve in case you need to know the input, in -n1
case, the key that has been pressed.
$? serve to know the exit code of the last program, for read, 142 in case of timeout, 0 correct input. Put $?
in a variable as soon as possible if you need to test it after somes commands, because all commands would rewrite $?
Reference:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/92802/what-is-the-linux-equivalent-to-dos-pause