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@Emptyset 2018-08-12T09:03:41.000000Z 字数 6021 阅读 1647

基于树莓派+INDI协议的开源分布式共享天文台提议

共享天文

  1. 跨平台的软件栈：基于树莓派+INDI驱动。TODO:
    • pythonic的sdk
    • python开源开发者生态：当共享天文向全时域专业工作者延伸的时候。
  2. 共享天文： 任何一处小型天文台/天文设备可以通过接上星际探索订制的树莓派来成为共享天文的设备，并且获得收益分成。
  3. 利用GAN（生成对抗网络），迁移学习Transfer learning，尝试进行摄影图像端到端的AI后期处理
  4. 数据集：
    • 开放天文图片数据集，数据集都是，用于
      • 业余发现：例如超新星的业余发现就依赖人工标注的已知超新星图片数据，CNN+LSTM
      • 图像处理：如上述3，但对数据集的要求比较高，可以尝试Data Augmentation
      • 其他可用于机器学习研究的数据集
      • 强化学习：温度控制系统/自动调焦等
  5. 【TODO】:引入区块链进行图片数据存储(例如ipfs)与摄影作品版权保护

INDI的通用架构

  1. INDI Client 1 ----|                  |---- INDI Driver A  ---- Dev X
  2.                   |                  |
  3. INDI Client 2 ----|                  |---- INDI Driver B  ---- Dev Y
  4.                   |                  |                     |
  5.  ...              |--- indiserver ---|                     |-- Dev Z
  6.                   |                  |
  7.                   |                  |
  8. INDI Client n ----|                  |---- INDI Driver C  ---- Dev T

Client连接Server CCD模拟器拍摄Vega的官方Demo

  1. import PyIndi
  2. import time
  3. import sys
  4. import threading
  6. class IndiClient(PyIndi.BaseClient):
  7.     def __init__(self):
  8.         super(IndiClient, self).__init__()
  9.     def newDevice(self, d):
  10.         pass
  11.     def newProperty(self, p):
  12.         pass
  13.     def removeProperty(self, p):
  14.         pass
  15.     def newBLOB(self, bp):
  16.         global blobEvent
  17.         print("new BLOB ", bp.name)
  18.         blobEvent.set()
  19.         pass
  20.     def newSwitch(self, svp):
  21.         pass
  22.     def newNumber(self, nvp):
  23.         pass
  24.     def newText(self, tvp):
  25.         pass
  26.     def newLight(self, lvp):
  27.         pass
  28.     def newMessage(self, d, m):
  29.         pass
  30.     def serverConnected(self):
  31.         pass
  32.     def serverDisconnected(self, code):
  33.         pass
  35. # connect the server
  36. indiclient=IndiClient()
  37. indiclient.setServer("localhost",7624)
  39. if (not(indiclient.connectServer())):
  40.      print("No indiserver running on "+indiclient.getHost()+":"+str(indiclient.getPort())+" - Try to run")
  41.      print("  indiserver indi_simulator_telescope indi_simulator_ccd")
  42.      sys.exit(1)
  44. # connect the scope
  45. telescope="Telescope Simulator"
  46. device_telescope=None
  47. telescope_connect=None
  49. # get the telescope device
  50. device_telescope=indiclient.getDevice(telescope)
  51. while not(device_telescope):
  52.     time.sleep(0.5)
  53.     device_telescope=indiclient.getDevice(telescope)
  55. # wait CONNECTION property be defined for telescope
  56. telescope_connect=device_telescope.getSwitch("CONNECTION")
  57. while not(telescope_connect):
  58.     time.sleep(0.5)
  59.     telescope_connect=device_telescope.getSwitch("CONNECTION")
  61. # if the telescope device is not connected, we do connect it
  62. if not(device_telescope.isConnected()):
  63.     # Property vectors are mapped to iterable Python objects
  64.     # Hence we can access each element of the vector using Python indexing
  65.     # each element of the "CONNECTION" vector is a ISwitch
  66.     telescope_connect[0].s=PyIndi.ISS_ON  # the "CONNECT" switch
  67.     telescope_connect[1].s=PyIndi.ISS_OFF # the "DISCONNECT" switch
  68.     indiclient.sendNewSwitch(telescope_connect) # send this new value to the device
  70. # Now let's make a goto to vega
  71. # Beware that ra/dec are in decimal hours/degrees
  72. vega={'ra': (279.23473479 * 24.0)/360.0, 'dec': +38.78368896 }
  74. # We want to set the ON_COORD_SET switch to engage tracking after goto
  75. # device.getSwitch is a helper to retrieve a property vector
  76. telescope_on_coord_set=device_telescope.getSwitch("ON_COORD_SET")
  77. while not(telescope_on_coord_set):
  78.     time.sleep(0.5)
  79.     telescope_on_coord_set=device_telescope.getSwitch("ON_COORD_SET")
  80. # the order below is defined in the property vector, look at the standard Properties page
  81. # or enumerate them in the Python shell when you're developing your program
  82. telescope_on_coord_set[0].s=PyIndi.ISS_ON  # TRACK
  83. telescope_on_coord_set[1].s=PyIndi.ISS_OFF # SLEW
  84. telescope_on_coord_set[2].s=PyIndi.ISS_OFF # SYNC
  85. indiclient.sendNewSwitch(telescope_on_coord_set)
  86. # We set the desired coordinates
  87. telescope_radec=device_telescope.getNumber("EQUATORIAL_EOD_COORD")
  88. while not(telescope_radec):
  89.     time.sleep(0.5)
  90.     telescope_radec=device_telescope.getNumber("EQUATORIAL_EOD_COORD")
  91. telescope_radec[0].value=vega['ra']
  92. telescope_radec[1].value=vega['dec']
  93. indiclient.sendNewNumber(telescope_radec)
  94. # and wait for the scope has finished moving
  95. while (telescope_radec.s==PyIndi.IPS_BUSY):
  96.     print("Scope Moving ", telescope_radec[0].value, telescope_radec[1].value)
  97.     time.sleep(2)
  99. # Let's take some pictures
  100. ccd="CCD Simulator"
  101. device_ccd=indiclient.getDevice(ccd)
  102. while not(device_ccd):
  103.     time.sleep(0.5)
  104.     device_ccd=indiclient.getDevice(ccd)    
  106. ccd_connect=device_ccd.getSwitch("CONNECTION")
  107. while not(ccd_connect):
  108.     time.sleep(0.5)
  109.     ccd_connect=device_ccd.getSwitch("CONNECTION")
  110. if not(device_ccd.isConnected()):
  111.     ccd_connect[0].s=PyIndi.ISS_ON  # the "CONNECT" switch
  112.     ccd_connect[1].s=PyIndi.ISS_OFF # the "DISCONNECT" switch
  113.     indiclient.sendNewSwitch(ccd_connect)
  115. ccd_exposure=device_ccd.getNumber("CCD_EXPOSURE")
  116. while not(ccd_exposure):
  117.     time.sleep(0.5)
  118.     ccd_exposure=device_ccd.getNumber("CCD_EXPOSURE")
  120. # Ensure the CCD simulator snoops the telescope simulator
  121. # otherwise you may not have a picture of vega
  122. ccd_active_devices=device_ccd.getText("ACTIVE_DEVICES")
  123. while not(ccd_active_devices):
  124.     time.sleep(0.5)
  125.     ccd_active_devices=device_ccd.getText("ACTIVE_DEVICES")
  126. ccd_active_devices[0].text="Telescope Simulator"
  127. indiclient.sendNewText(ccd_active_devices)
  129. # we should inform the indi server that we want to receive the
  130. # "CCD1" blob from this device
  131. indiclient.setBLOBMode(PyIndi.B_ALSO, ccd, "CCD1")
  133. ccd_ccd1=device_ccd.getBLOB("CCD1")
  134. while not(ccd_ccd1):
  135.     time.sleep(0.5)
  136.     ccd_ccd1=device_ccd.getBLOB("CCD1")
  138. # a list of our exposure times
  139. exposures=[1.0, 5.0]
  141. # we use here the threading.Event facility of Python
  142. # we define an event for newBlob event
  143. blobEvent=threading.Event()
  144. blobEvent.clear()
  145. i=0
  146. ccd_exposure[0].value=exposures[i]
  147. indiclient.sendNewNumber(ccd_exposure)
  148. while (i < len(exposures)):
  149.     # wait for the ith exposure
  150.     blobEvent.wait()
  151.     # we can start immediately the next one
  152.     if (i + 1 < len(exposures)):
  153.         ccd_exposure[0].value=exposures[i+1]
  154.         blobEvent.clear()
  155.         indiclient.sendNewNumber(ccd_exposure)
  156.     # and meanwhile process the received one
  157.     for blob in ccd_ccd1:
  158.         print("name: ", blob.name," size: ", blob.size," format: ", blob.format)
  159.         # pyindi-client adds a getblobdata() method to IBLOB item
  160.         # for accessing the contents of the blob, which is a bytearray in Python
  161.         fits=blob.getblobdata()
  162.         print("fits data type: ", type(fits))
  163.         # here you may use astropy.io.fits to access the fits data
  164.     # and perform some computations while the ccd is exposing
  165.     # but this is outside the scope of this tutorial
  166.     i+=1

A user-friendly pythonic API for public users

  1. xtelescope_server
  1. from xtelescope import Client
  3. client = Client(server="ip_address_of_the_server", port=1011)
  4. # A User authentication based on APP_SECRET, SECRET_KEY might be required
  5. # client.auth()
  6. telescopes = client.available_telescopes()  
  8. my_device = telescopes["XP1"]
  9. my_device.auto_focus() # 自动对焦
  11. my_device.goto(object="vega").track()
  12. # vega={'ra': (279.23473479 * 24.0)/360.0, 'dec': +38.78368896 }
  13. # my_device.goto(coord=vega)
  14. fits = my_device.capture() # 拍摄
  16. my_device.status # 查看设备状态以dict/json形式返回
  18. # 一键处理
  19. from xtelescope import openastro
  20. image = openastro.galaxyGAN(fits)
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