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@websec007 2020-05-31T22:22:17.000000Z 字数 21705 阅读 1357

pygame 游戏开发入门 - 北理工公开课

pygame

第二单元

2.1 pygame 简介与安装

  1. # pip install pygame --index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  2. 或
  3. # pip install pygame -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  1. # python -m pygame.examples.alien

2.2 pygame游戏开发最小代码框架

  1. import pygame, sys
  3. # 1. pygame模块初始化
  4. pygame.init()
  6. # 2. 屏幕设置
  7. size = width, height = 360, 480
  8. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  9. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame最小代码框架测试")
  10. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  12. # 3. 游戏主循环
  13. while True:
  14.     """(1) Input Process"""
  15.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  16.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  17.             sys.exit()
  19.     """(2) Game Update"""
  20.     screen.fill(bg_color)
  22.     """(3) Render"""
  23.     pygame.display.update()

2.3 壁球小游戏之图片外接矩形的基本使用（展示型）

  1. import pygame, sys
  3. # 1. pygame模块初始化
  4. pygame.init()
  6. # 2. 屏幕设置
  7. size = width, height = 360, 480
  8. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  9. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame最小代码框架测试")
  10. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  11. ''' 弹力球 image 载入'''
  12. ball_image= pygame.image.load(r"F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\images\PYG02-ball.gif")
  13. ball_rect = ball_image.rect_get()
  14. speed = [1, 1]
  16. # 3. 游戏主循环
  17. while True:
  18.     """(1) Input Process"""
  19.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  20.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  21.             sys.exit()
  23.     """(2) Game Update"""
  25.     '''设置弹力球反弹的边界范围'''
  26.     ball_rect = ball_rect.move(speed)
  27.     if ball_rect.left < 0 or ball_rect.right > width:
  28.         speed[0] = - speed[0]
  29.     if ball_rect.top < 0 or ball_rect.bottom > height:
  30.         speed[1] = - speed[1]
  32.     """(3) Render"""
  33.     screen.fill(bg_color)
  34.     screen.blit(ball_image, ball_rect)
  35.     pygame.display.update()

2.4 壁球小游戏之屏幕刷新基本设置（节奏型）

  1. import pygame, sys
  3. # 1. pygame模块初始化
  4. pygame.init()
  6. # 2. 屏幕设置
  7. size = width, height = 720, 420
  8. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  9. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame 最小代码框架测试")
  10. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  11. ball_image = pygame.image.load(r"F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\images\PYG02-ball.gif")
  12. ball_rect = ball_image.get_rect()
  13. speed = [1, 1]
  14. """创建clock对象，为设置屏幕刷新做准备"""
  15. fps = 300
  16. clock = pygame.time.Clock()
  18. # 3. 游戏主循环
  19. while True:
  20.     """(1) Input Process"""
  21.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  22.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  23.             sys.exit()
  25.     """(2) Game Update"""
  27.     ball_rect = ball_rect.move(speed)
  28.     if ball_rect.left < 0 or ball_rect.right > width:
  29.         speed[0] = - speed[0]
  30.     if ball_rect.top < 0 or ball_rect.bottom > height:
  31.         speed[1] = - speed[1]
  33.     """(3) Render"""
  34.     clock.tick(fps)
  35.     screen.fill(bg_color)
  36.     screen.blit(ball_image, ball_rect)
  37.     pygame.display.update()

2.5 壁球小游戏之键盘操作事件类型（操控型）

  1. import pygame, sys
  3. # 1. pygame模块初始化
  4. pygame.init()
  6. # 2. 屏幕设置
  7. size = width, height = 720, 420
  8. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  9. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame 最小代码框架测试")
  10. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  11. ball_image = pygame.image.load(r"F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\images\PYG02-ball.gif")
  12. ball_rect = ball_image.get_rect()
  13. speed = [1, 1]
  14. """创建clock对象，为设置屏幕刷新做准备"""
  15. fps = 200
  16. clock = pygame.time.Clock()
  18. # 3. 游戏主循环
  19. while True:
  20.     """(1) Input Process"""
  21.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  22.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  23.             sys.exit()
  24.         """通过键盘类型-键盘值的调整实现对speed值的横坐标与纵坐标进行重新赋值"""    
  25.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  26.             if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
  27.                 speed[0] = speed[0] if speed[0] == 0 else (abs(speed[0] - 1)*int(speed[0]/abs(speed[0])))
  28.             elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
  29.                 speed[0] = speed[0] + 1 if speed[0] > 0 else speed[0] - 1
  30.             elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
  31.                 speed[1] = speed[1] + 1 if speed[1] > 0 else speed[1] - 1
  32.             elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
  33.                 speed[1] = speed[1] if speed[1] == 0 else (abs(speed[1] - 1)*int(speed[1]/abs(speed[1])))
  35.     """(2) Game Update"""
  36.     print(speed)
  37.     ball_rect = ball_rect.move(speed)
  38.     if ball_rect.left < 0 or ball_rect.right > width:
  39.         speed[0] = - speed[0]
  40.     if ball_rect.top < 0 or ball_rect.bottom > height:
  41.         speed[1] = - speed[1]
  43.     """(3) Render"""
  44.     clock.tick(fps)
  45.     screen.fill(bg_color)
  46.     screen.blit(ball_image, ball_rect)
  47.     pygame.display.update()

第三单元

3.1 单元开篇

3.2 屏幕绘制机制简介

3.3 屏幕“尺寸”与“模式”设置及“信息获取”

3.3.1 屏幕“尺寸”和“模式”设置函数

3.3.2 屏幕显示模式单独使用问题

3.3.3 源码演示 - 屏幕显示模式

  1. # 2. 屏幕模式设置
  2. size = width, height = 720, 420
  3. print(pygame.display.Info())
  4. # screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size, pygame.RESIZABLE)
  5. # screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size, pygame.NOFRAME)
  6. # screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size, pygame.FULLSCREEN)
  7. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  8. print(pygame.display.Info())
  9. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame 最小代码框架测试")
  10. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  11. ball_image = pygame.image.load(r"F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\images\PYG02-ball.gif")
  12. ball_rect = ball_image.get_rect()
  13. speed = [1, 1]

3.4 屏幕信息函数

3.4.1 屏幕尺寸信息获取

  1. vInfo = pygame.display.Info()
  2. size = width, height = vInfo.current_w, vInfo.current_h
  1. （1）current_w: 当前窗口像素的宽度
  2. （2）current_h: 当前窗口像素的高度

-----------------------------以下为运行的源码部分--------------------------------

  1. import pygame, sys
  3. # 1. pygame模块初始化
  4. pygame.init()
  6. # 2. 屏幕设置
  7. size = width, height = 360, 480
  9. """屏幕大小感知：pygame.display.Info()"""
  10. print(pygame.display.Info())
  11. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  12. print(pygame.display.Info())
  14. pygame.display.set_caption("pygame最小代码框架测试")
  15. bg_color = (233, 233, 233)
  17. # 3. 游戏主循环
  18. while True:
  19.     ...

-----------------------------以下为源码运行打印输出部分--------------------------------

  1. # 屏幕分辨率尺寸设置前：
  2. <VideoInfo(hw = 0, wm = 1,video_mem = 0
  3.          blit_hw = 0, blit_hw_CC = 0, blit_hw_A = 0,
  4.          blit_sw = 0, blit_sw_CC = 0, blit_sw_A = 0,
  5.          bitsize  = 32, bytesize = 4,
  6.          masks =  (16711680, 65280, 255, 0),
  7.          shifts = (16, 8, 0, 0),
  8.          losses =  (0, 0, 0, 8),
  9.          current_w = 1920, current_h = 1080
  11. # 屏幕分辨率尺寸设置后：       
  12. <VideoInfo(hw = 0, wm = 1,video_mem = 0
  13.          blit_hw = 0, blit_hw_CC = 0, blit_hw_A = 0,
  14.          blit_sw = 0, blit_sw_CC = 0, blit_sw_A = 0,
  15.          bitsize  = 32, bytesize = 4,
  16.          masks =  (16711680, 65280, 255, 0),
  17.          shifts = (16, 8, 0, 0),
  18.          losses =  (0, 0, 0, 8),
  19.          current_w = 360, current_h = 480
通过源码运行演示打印，我们可以看到在 pygame.display.set_mode()前后，当前屏幕显示信息的变化；

3.4.2 屏幕尺寸动态调整

  1. # 3. 游戏主循环
  2. while True:
  3.     """(1) Input Process"""
  4.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  5.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  6.             sys.exit()
  7.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  8.             if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
  9.                 speed[0] = speed[0] if speed[0] == 0 else (abs(speed[0] - 1)*int(speed[0]/abs(speed[0])))
  10.             elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
  11.                 speed[0] = speed[0] + 1 if speed[0] > 0 else speed[0] - 1
  12.             elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
  13.                 speed[1] = speed[1] + 1 if speed[1] > 0 else speed[1] - 1
  14.             elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
  15.                 speed[1] = speed[1] if speed[1] == 0 else (abs(speed[1] - 1)*int(speed[1]/abs(speed[1])))
  16.             elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
  17.                 sys.exit()
  18.         """屏幕大小动态调整感知和自动调整实现"""
  19.         elif event.type == pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
  20.             size = width, height = event.size[0], event.size[1]
  21.             screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size, pygame.RESIZABLE)
  23.     """(2) Game Update"""

3.5 屏幕标题和图标控制

3.5.1 屏幕标题设置

3.5.2 屏幕标题获取

3.5.3 屏幕图标控制

  1. icon = pygame.image.load('icon.png')
  2. pygame.display.set_icon(icon)

3.6 屏幕最小化感知和刷新运用

3.6.1 窗口最小化感知

  1. .....
  3. if pygame.display.get_active():
  4.     ball_rect = ball_rect.move(speed)
  6. if ball_rect.left < 0 or ball_rect.right > width:
  7.     speed[0] = - speed[0]
  8. if ball_rect.top < 0 or ball_rect.bottom > height:
  9.     speed[1] = - speed[1]

3.6.2 屏幕刷新函数

第四单元

4.1 单元开篇

4.2 Pygame 事件处理机制简介

注：事件处置机制的核心内容就是事件队列的缓存，又称“事件队列”。

4.2.1 事件处理需求

4.2.2 事件处理类型

4.2.3 pygame 事件类型以及属性

序号 事件 事件类型 事件属性
1 系统 pygame.QUIT
pygame.ACTIVEEVENT		 none
gain, state
2 键盘 pygame.KEYDOWN
pygame.KEYUP		 event.unicode event.key event.mod
3 鼠标 pygame.MOUSEMOTION
pygame.MOUSEBOTTONDOWN
pygame.MOUSEBOTTONUP		 pos,rel,button
pos,button
pos,button
4 窗口 pygame.VIDEORESIZE
pygame.VIDEOEXPOSE		 size,w,h
none
5 游戏杆 JOY ... joy ...
6 自定义 USEREVENT code

4.3 键盘事件以及属性（2类）

4.3.1 键盘事件及其属性

4.3.2 按键常量与修饰符

4.3.3 按键示例演示

  1. # Description: pygame.KEYDWON 键盘按键事件响应测试
  2. import pygame, sys
  3. ...
  5. # 3. 游戏主循环
  6. while True:
  7.     """(1) Input Process"""
  8.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  9.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  10.             sys.exit()
  11.         # 对键盘按下事件进行测试学习：了解其3个属性，特别是event.unicode
  12.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  13.             if event.unicode == '':
  14.                 print("[KEYDOWN]: {}, {}, {}".format("#", event.key, event.mod))
  15.             else:
  16.                 print("[KEYUP]: {}, {}, {}".format(event.unicode, event.key, event.mod))
  18. .....
  19.     """(3) Render"""
  20.     pygame.display.update()

4.4 鼠标事件以及其属性（3类）

4.4.1 鼠标事件与其属性

4.4.2 鼠标事件演示

  2. # 3. 游戏主循环
  3. while True:
  4.     """(1) Input Process"""
  5.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  6.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  7.             sys.exit()
  8.         # 对键盘按下事件进行测试学习：了解其3个属性，特别是event.unicode
  9.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  10.             if event.unicode == '':
  11.                 print("[KEYDOWN]: {}, {}, {}".format("#", event.key, event.mod))
  12.             else:
  13.                 print("[KEYDOWN]: {}, {}, {}".format(event.unicode, event.key, event.mod))
  14.         # 对鼠标3事件和其属性进行测试与学习      
  15.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
  16.             print("[MOUSEMOTON]: {}, {}, {}".format(event.pos, event.rel, event.buttons))
  17.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
  18.             print("[MOUSEBUTTONDOWN]: {}, {}".format(event.pos, event.button))
  19.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
  20.             print("[MOUSEBUTTONUP]: {}, {}".format(event.pos, event.button))

4.5 壁球小游戏（鼠标型）

4.5.1 游戏需求

（1）通过鼠标左键摆放壁球，按下按键时壁球停止移动；
（2）按键按下并且移动时，壁球跟随鼠标移动；
（3）当释放时，壁球继续移动；

4.5.2 游戏源码

  1. # 3. 游戏主循环
  2. while True:
  3.     """(1) Input Process"""
  4.     .....
  6.         # 增加对鼠标控制的响应
  7.         # (1) 鼠标左键按下，壁球暂停移动（通过 still = True 配合默认移动条件实现）
  8.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
  9.             if event.button == 1:
  10.                 still = True
  11.         # (2) 鼠标按键释放，壁球移动到鼠标当前位置；
  12.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
  13.             if event.button == 1:
  14.                 still = False
  15.                 ball_rect = ball_rect.move(event.pos[0] - ball_rect.left, event.pos[1] - ball_rect.top)
  16.         # (3) 鼠标移动，壁球跟着移动
  17.         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
  18.             if event.buttons[0] == 1:
  19.                 ball_rect = ball_rect.move(event.pos[0] - ball_rect.left, event.pos[1] - ball_rect.top)
  20.     """(2) Game Update"""
  21.     # 屏幕窗口最小化感知判断，从而决定是否要暂停壁球的移动
  22.     if pygame.display.get_active() and not still:
  23.         ball_rect = ball_rect.move(speed[0], speed[1])
  24.     # 壁球的边界控制
  25.     if ball_rect.left < 0 or ball_rect.right > width:
  26.         speed[0] = - speed[0]
  27.         if width < ball_rect.right < ball_rect.right + speed[0]:
  28.             speed[0] = - speed[0]
  29.     if ball_rect.top < 0 or ball_rect.bottom > height:
  30.         speed[1] = - speed[1]
  31.         if height < ball_rect.bottom < ball_rect.bottom + speed[1]:
  32.             speed[1] = - speed[1]
  34.     """(3) Render"""

4.6 pygame事件处理函数

4.6.1 处理事件函数

  1. for event in pygame.event.get():
  2.     if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  3.         sys.exit()

4.6.2 操作事件队列函数

4.6.3 生成事件函数

第五单元

5.1 单元开篇

5.2 pygame 色彩绘制机制

5.2.1 色彩机制 pygame.Color

5.2.2 色彩版小游戏

  1. # 色彩控制
  2. bg_color = pygame.Color("grey")
  3. def RGBChannel(a):
  4.     return 0 if a<0 else (255 if a>255 else int(a))
  5. # 3. 游戏主循环
  6. while True:
  7.     ....
  8.     # 通过pygame.Color.r来绘制色彩
  9.     bg_color.r = RGBChannel(ball_rect.left/width * 255)
  10.     bg_color.g = RGBChannel(ball_rect.top/height * 255)
  11.     bg_color.b = RGBChannel(min(speed)/ max(speed[0], speed[1], 1) * 255)
  12.     bg_color.a = RGBChannel(ball_rect.left/width * 255)
  13.     screen.fill(bg_color)

5.3 pygame 多图形绘制

5.3.1 pygam.draw 绘图简介

pygame.draw.xxx()方法 进行图形绘制过程，其就是在屏幕画布上直接进行图形绘制，然后返回一个pygame.Rect类表示该形状；

5.3.2 pygame.Rect 外接矩形对象

5.3.3 pygame.draw 绘图方法

5.3.4 图形绘制源码实例

  1. import pygame,sys
  2. from math import pi
  4. # 1.初始化
  5. pygame.init()
  7. # 2. 屏幕初始化
  8. size = width, height = 720, 600
  9. # Vinfo = pygame.display.Info()
  10. # size = width, height = Vinfo.current_w, Vinfo.current_h
  11. screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
  12. pygame.display.set_caption("多图形绘制学习")
  13. bg_color = pygame.Color('black')
  15. GOLD = 255, 251, 0
  16. RED = pygame.Color('red')
  17. WHITE = 255, 255, 255
  18. GREEN = pygame.Color('green')
  20. # # 多图绘制
  21. # e1rect = pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, GREEN, (50, 50, 500, 500), 3)
  22. # c1rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (200, 180), 30, 5)
  23. # c2rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (400, 180), 30)
  24. # r1rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (170, 130, 60, 10), 3)
  25. # r2rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (370, 130, 60, 10))
  26. # plist = [(295,170), (285,250), (260,280), (340,280), (315,250), (305 ,170)]
  27. # l1rect = pygame.draw.lines(screen, GOLD, True, plist, 2)
  28. # a1rect = pygame.draw.arc(screen, RED, (200, 220, 200, 100), 1.4*pi, 1.9*pi, 3)
  30. # 3. game loop
  31. while True:
  32.     # process input
  33.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  34.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  35.             sys.exit()
  36.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  37.             if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
  38.                 pygame.quit()
  39.         elif event.type == pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
  40.             size = width, height = event.size[0], event.size[1]
  41.             screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size, pygame.RESIZABLE)
  44.     # update game
  46.     screen.fill(bg_color)
  47.     # 多图绘制
  48.     e1rect = pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, GREEN, (50, 50, 500, 500), 3)
  49.     c1rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (200, 180), 30, 5)
  50.     c2rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (400, 180), 30)
  51.     r1rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (170, 130, 60, 10), 3)
  52.     r2rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (370, 130, 60, 10))
  53.     plist = [(295, 170), (285, 250), (260, 280), (340, 280), (315, 250), (305, 170)]
  54.     l1rect = pygame.draw.lines(screen, GOLD, True, plist, 2)
  55.     a1rect = pygame.draw.arc(screen, RED, (200, 220, 200, 100), 1.4 * pi, 1.9 * pi, 3)
  56.     # render
  57.     pygame.display.update()

5.3.5 学习心得

图形绘制过程：是直接在指定屏幕画布上进行作画的，图形会直接在屏幕画布中显示；（图形绘制过程与“图片”与“文字”绘制是不同的；

图形与文字的绘制过程是，先是由外部导入的一个对象并获得其矩形对象属性，然后通过surface.blit()方法绘制到屏幕画布上；

5.4 文字绘制

5.4.1 文字绘制基础知识

5.4.2 文字绘制详解

5.4.3 源码演示

方法1：

  1. # 文字绘制 - 方法1
  2. Font = pygame.font.Font(r'F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\fonts\msyh.ttc', 36)
  3. text_surface = Font.render('不要急，慢一点，少一点', True, GOLD)
  4. # print(text_surface)
  5. text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()
  6. # print(text_rect)
  8. # 文字图层移入主图层，显示出来
  9. screen.blit(text_surface, text_rect)

方法2：

  1. # 文字绘制 - 方法2
  3. # 导入模块
  4. import pygame.freestyle
  6. # 字符绘制，并获取Rect对象；
  7. Font = pygame.freetype.Font(r'F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\fonts\msyh.ttc', 36)
  8. text_surface, text_rect = Font.render('世界和平', fgcolor=pygame.Color('gold'), size=50)
  9. print(text_rect)
  11. # 文字图层移入主图层，显示出来
  12. screen.blit(text_surface, text_rect)

5.5

课程学习小结

序号 函数 功能说明
1 pygame.display.Info() 屏幕信息获取
2 pygame.display.set_mode(size, flags) 屏幕尺寸与模式设置
3 pygame.display.set_icon(icon_surface) 屏幕图标设置
4 pygame.display.set_caption('Title_Strings') 设置屏幕标题
5 pygame.display.get_caption() 屏幕标题信息获取
6 pygame.display.get_active() 屏幕最小化感知判断
7 pygame.display.flip() 屏幕整个刷新
8 pygame.display.update() 仅刷新更新的内容
序号 事件 事件类型 事件属性
1 系统事件 pygame.QUIT
pygame.ACTIVEEVENT		 none
gain, state
2 键盘事件 pygame.KEYDOWN
pygame.KEYUP		 event.unicode event.key event.mod
event.key event.mod
3 鼠标事件 pygame.MOUSEMOTION
pygame.MOUSEBOTTONDOWN
pygame.MOUSEBOTTONUP		 pos,rel,button
pos,button
pos,button
4 窗口事件 pygame.VIDEORESIZE
pygame.VIDEOEXPOSE		 size,w,h
none
5 游戏杆事件 JOY ... joy ...
6 自定义事件 USEREVENT code

宝贵的错误集

pygame.Rect 对象

  1. # 多图形绘制 （图形绘制与显示是1步完成的，无需在blit()）
  2. e1rect = pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, GREEN, (50, 50, 500, 500), 3)
  3. c1rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (200, 180), 30, 5)
  4. c2rect = pygame.draw.circle(screen, GOLD, (400, 180), 30)
  5. r1rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (170, 130, 60, 10), 3)
  6. r2rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (370, 130, 60, 10))
  7. plist = [(295,170), (285,250), (260,280), (340,280), (315,250), (305 ,170)]
  8. l1rect = pygame.draw.lines(screen, GOLD, True, plist, 2)
  9. a1rect = pygame.draw.arc(screen, RED, (200, 220, 200, 100), 1.4*pi, 1.9*pi, 3)
  11. # 3. game loop
  12. while True:
  13.     # Process Input
  14.     ...
  15.     # update game
  16.     ...
  17.     # render
  18.     # 报错的原因：
  19.     # (1) 图形绘制与显示只需要指定screen后，1步就可以获取一个pygame.Rect了，无需在blit()）
  20.     # (2) pygame.Rect 对象即表示图形已经绘制完成，并且可以显示了，无需在blit()块移动；
  21. screen.blit(r1rect, (500, 500))
  23.     pygame.display.update()
  1.    Traceback (most recent call last):
  2.   File "F:/My_Learn/PygameCourses/PYG05/[Error]PYG05-03 多图形绘制.py", line 46, in <module>
  3.     screen.blit(r1rect, (500, 500))
  4. TypeError: argument 1 must be pygame.Surface, not pygame.Rect
  6. Process finished with exit code 1
  1. # surface_1: 图像绘制
  2. # 1) 载入图片对象
  3. image = pygame.image.load(r'F:\My_Learn\PygameCourses\images\Ball.png')
  4. # 2) 获取图片对象矩形属性(0,0, 200,200), 默认rect的坐标为(left.top) = (0,0)
  5. image_rect = image.get_rect()
  7. # 3) 图片surface 移动到主图层进行显示    
  8. screen.blit(ball, ball_rect)

学习参考：

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