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@clisdodo 2019-11-19T17:03:58.000000Z 字数 18117 阅读 1997

Oracle 18c SI ASM UDEV方式静默搭建（OEL 7.7）

OEL7.7 18c SingleInstance ASM

AskScuti ：搭建类 2-0-2 Oracle 18c 单实例ASM采用UDEV方式静默搭建

你需要知道的

磁盘 容量 作用
/dev/sdb 32.2 GB Oracle Software
/dev/sdc 1073 MB OCR1
/dev/sdd 1073 MB OCR2
/dev/sde 1073 MB OCR3
/dev/sdf 214.7 GB Data1
/dev/sdg 214.7 GB Data2
/dev/sdh 107.4 GB Archived
/dev/sdi 536.9 GB Backup

1 操作系统安装

2 环境配置

2.1 磁盘分区及格式化

2.2 主机环境设置

  1. su - oracle
  2. vim .bash_profile
  4. PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
  5. export PS1
  6. export TMP=/tmp
  7. export TMPDIR=$TMP
  8. ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
  9. ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
  10. ORACLE_SID=SIASM18C; export ORACLE_SID
  11. ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
  12. NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
  13. NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG
  14. PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin; export PATH
  15. THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
  16. if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
  17. if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
  18. ulimit -p 16384
  19. ulimit -n 65536
  20. else
  21. ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  22. fi
  23. umask 022
  24. fi
  1. su - grid
  2. vim .bash_profile
  4. PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
  5. export PS1
  6. umask 022
  7. export TMP=/tmp
  8. export TMPDIR=$TMP
  9. ORACLE_SID=+ASM; export ORACLE_SID
  10. ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
  11. ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
  12. ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/18.0.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
  13. NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
  14. PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin; export PATH
  15. THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
  16. if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
  17. if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
  18. ulimit -p 16384
  19. ulimit -n 65536
  20. else
  21. ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  22. fi
  23. umask 022
  24. fi

3 ASM 磁盘配置

3.1 设置白名单

echo "options=-g" > /etc/scsi_id.config

3.2 确认SCSI标识符

分区 SCSI标识符
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdc1 36000c2976a776add818a93264891b590
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdd1 36000c29312aa0a9406f202760c690e9d
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sde1 36000c29e98d5ab3b8fe9cc4bba81f723
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdf1 36000c299f75c2fea6123eede18dc7f3b
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdg1 36000c29de5af3331b80aac9bfc85e7aa
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdh1 36000c298de4210b35dfe718a1e146866
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdi1 36000c29c7f5fa636f0b246b2e98789dd

3.3 编辑UDEV规则文件

  1. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c2976a776add818a93264891b590", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-ocr1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  2. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29312aa0a9406f202760c690e9d", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-ocr2", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  3. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29e98d5ab3b8fe9cc4bba81f723", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-ocr3", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  4. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c299f75c2fea6123eede18dc7f3b", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-data1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  5. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29de5af3331b80aac9bfc85e7aa", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-data2", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  6. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c298de4210b35dfe718a1e146866", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-archived", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
  7. KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29c7f5fa636f0b246b2e98789dd", SYMLINK+="oracleasm/asm-backup", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

4 数据库软件安装（静默）

chown -R oracle:oinstall /soft
chmod -R 775 /soft
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME (注意oracle用户家目录：/u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1)
unzip -q /soft/LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip 

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1 \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

su - root

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

5 创建并启动监听（静默）

su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME
lsnrctl stop

netca -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

lsnrctl status
lsnrctl start

6 GI 软件安装（静默）

6.1 配置安装

su - grid
cd $ORACLE_HOME (注意grid用户家目录：/u01/app/18.0.0/grid)
unzip -q /soft/LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.zip

su - root
cd /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/cv/rpm
chmod +x *
rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm

su - grid
cd $ORACLE_HOME

./gridSetup.sh -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp \
oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid \
oracle.install.asm.storageOption=ASM \
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=oracle \
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=oracle \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=ocr \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4 \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/oracleasm/* \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr1,/dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr2,/dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr3 \
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba \
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper \
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false \
oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false

# root 执行脚本（等待 root 用户执行完毕，再去执行 grid 脚本）
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
    1. /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/root.sh

# grid 执行脚本（Attention! 执行这个脚本前，请先仔细阅读 6.2 小节：脚本补充说明）
As install user, execute the following command to complete the configuration.
/u01/app/18.0.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp [-silent]

6.2 脚本补充说明

6.3 查看 ASM 集群组件状态

[grid@asmsi18c:/u01/app/18.0.0/grid]$crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       asmsi18c                 STABLE
ora.OCR.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       asmsi18c                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       asmsi18c                 Started,STABLE
ora.ons
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      asmsi18c                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       asmsi18c                 STABLE
ora.diskmon
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.evmd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       asmsi18c                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.4 查看 ASM 实例监听状态

[grid@asmsi18c:/u01/app/18.0.0/grid]$lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 11-NOV-2019 22:43:22

Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=asmsi18c)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                11-NOV-2019 21:36:32
Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 6 min. 49 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/asmsi18c/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=asmsi18c)(PORT=1522)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_OCR" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

7 创建 ASM 磁盘组

7.1 图形化创建（略）

7.2 静默创建

# 创建 ASM 磁盘组：DATA （/dev/oracleasm/asm-data1 | /dev/oracleasm/asm-data2）

asmca -silent -createDiskGroup \
-diskGroupName data \
-disk '/dev/oracleasm/asm-data1' \
-disk '/dev/oracleasm/asm-data2' \
-redundancy NORMAL \
-au_size 4 \
-compatible.asm '18.0.0.0.0' \
-compatible.rdbms '18.0.0.0.0' \
-compatible.advm '18.0.0.0.0'

7.3 SQL 语句创建

  1. [grid@asmsi18c:/u01/app/18.0.0/grid]$sqlplus / as sysasm
  3. SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 11 23:12:45 2019
  4. Version 18.3.0.0.0
  6. Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  8. Connected to:
  9. Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
  10. Version 18.3.0.0.0
  12. SQL> set linesize 200
  13. SQL> col name for a10
  14. SQL> col failgroup for a10
  15. SQL> col path for a50
  16. SQL> col group_number for 99
  17. SQL> col disk_number for 99
  19. # 查询当前 ASM 磁盘组
  20. SQL> select group_number,name,type,total_mb,free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
  22. GROUP_NUMBER    NAME    TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB
  23. ------------ ---------- ------ ---------- ---------- --------------
  24.        1        OCR     NORMAL       3060       2716            848
  25.        2        DATA    NORMAL     409592     409392         204696
  27. # 查询当前 ASM 磁盘
  28. SQL> select group_number,disk_number,mount_status,name,failgroup,create_date,path from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;
  30. GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER MOUNT_S NAME       FAILGROUP  CREATE_DA PATH
  31. ------------ ----------- ------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------------------------
  32.        0           0     CLOSED                                  /dev/oracleasm/asm-archived
  33.        0           1     CLOSED                                  /dev/oracleasm/asm-backup
  34.        1           0     CACHED  OCR_0000   OCR_0000   11-NOV-19 /dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr3
  35.        1           1     CACHED  OCR_0001   OCR_0001   11-NOV-19 /dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr2
  36.        1           2     CACHED  OCR_0002   OCR_0002   11-NOV-19 /dev/oracleasm/asm-ocr1
  37.        2           0     CACHED  DATA_0000  DATA_0000  11-NOV-19 /dev/oracleasm/asm-data1
  38.        2           1     CACHED  DATA_0001  DATA_0001  11-NOV-19 /dev/oracleasm/asm-data2
  40. # SQL 语句创建磁盘组 ARCHIVE 和 BAK
  41. SQL> create diskgroup archive external redundancy disk '/dev/oracleasm/asm-archived' attribute 'au_size'='4M';
  43. Diskgroup created.
  45. SQL> create diskgroup bak external redundancy disk '/dev/oracleasm/asm-backup' attribute 'au_size'='4M';
  47. Diskgroup created.
  49. # 查询 ASM 磁盘组
  50. SQL> select group_number,name,type,total_mb,free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
  52. GROUP_NUMBER NAME       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB
  53. ------------ ---------- ------ ---------- ---------- --------------
  54.        1     OCR        NORMAL       3060       2716            848
  55.        2     DATA       NORMAL     409592     409392         204696
  56.        3     ARCHIVE    EXTERN     102396     102316         102316
  57.        4     BAK        EXTERN     511996     511916         511916

8 创建数据库（静默）

dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname SIASM18C \
-sid SIASM18C \
-databaseConfigType SI \
-createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName orders \
-useLocalUndoForPDBs TRUE \
-pdbAdminPassword oracle \
-sysPassword oracle \
-systemPassword oracle \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-memoryPercentage 40 \
-storageType ASM \
-diskGroupName DATA \
-asmsnmpPassword oracle

  1. [oracle@asmsi18c:/home/oracle]$sqlplus / as sysdba
  3. SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 12 00:29:47 2019
  4. Version 18.3.0.0.0
  6. Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  8. Connected to:
  9. Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
  10. Version 18.3.0.0.0
  12. SQL> show pdbs
  14.     CON_ID  CON_NAME                      OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
  15. ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
  16.      2      PDB$SEED                      READ ONLY  NO
  17.      3      ORDERS                        READ WRITE NO
  19. SQL> alter session set container=orders;
  21. Session altered.
  23. SQL> select name from v$datafile;
  25. NAME
  26. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  27. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/system.271.1024100231
  28. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/sysaux.272.1024100231
  29. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/undotbs1.270.1024100231
  30. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/users.274.1024100247
  32. SQL> create tablespace askscuti datafile '+DATA' size 10m;
  34. Tablespace created.
  36. SQL> select name from v$datafile;
  38. NAME
  39. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  40. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/system.271.1024100231
  41. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/sysaux.272.1024100231
  42. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/undotbs1.270.1024100231
  43. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/users.274.1024100247
  44. +DATA/SIASM18C/971576BF22F65ACAE0530C01A8C01D9B/DATAFILE/askscuti.275.1024101305

9 实例的开启与关闭

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