CONF_LTE_PC

日志

1.切换到root账号：

lte@ltepc11:~$ sudo -s
[sudo] password for lte:  \\密码在安装试设置为casa
root@ltepc11:~# 

2.更新

root@ltepc11:~# apt-get update

3.安装ssh 和 vim

root@ltepc11:~# apt-get install ssh
root@ltepc11:~# apt-get install vim

4.添加root用户登录密码

4.1修改root密码

root@ltepc11:/# passwd root
Enter new UNIX password:          \\密码为casa
Retype new UNIX password: 
passwd: password updated successfully

4.2 修改ssh配置文件

root@ltepc6:~# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
#PermitRootLogin without-password     \\注释掉第28行
PermitRootLogin yes                  \\添加这一行
StrictModes yes

4.3重启ssh 服务

root@ltepc6:~# service ssh restart

5.安装nfs

root@ltepc11:~# root@ltepc6vm3:~# apt-get install -y nfs-common nfs-kernel-server rpcbind

FQDN

一种包含主机名和域名（包括顶级域）的 URL。例如，www.symantec.com 是完全限定域名。其中 www 是主机，symantec 是二级域，.com 是顶级域。FQDN 总是以主机名开始且以顶级域名结束，因此 www.sesa.symantec.com 也是一个 FQDN

错误: qmail qmail-run E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
解决方式:
1. sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/qmail*  
2. 重新执行安装命令

6.安装wireshark

root@ltepc11:~# apt-get install wireshark

7.安装samba

root@ltepc11:~# apt-get install samba

7.1 修改配置文件

root@ltepc11:~# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
        security = user # ??
# 在最后添加下面几行：
[public]
        path = /public
        public = yes # ??
        writeable = yes
        browseable = yes
        guest ok = yes

7.2 进入主目录

root@ltepc11:/# cd /

7.3创建/public

root@ltepc11:/# mkdir public/

7.4修改新建文件夹的权限

root@ltepc11:/# chmod 777 public

7.5 重启smbd

root@ltepc11:/# /etc/init.d/smbd restart
root@ltepc11:/# service smbd restart

7.6 查看PC的ip

root@ltepc11:/# ifconfig

7.7 进入Linux

# 用自己的电脑通过ip进入linux电脑刚刚创建的共享文件夹（public）
1. win + R
2. \\192.158.58.20  (192.158.58.20是linux PC的ip）

7.8 拷贝文件

将ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64 和安装KVM虚拟机的文件拷贝到public文件夹中

7.9 配置网卡设备文件信息

• /etc/udev/rules.d这个目录存储的是以.rules结束的文件。下面可能有好几个udev规则文件，每一个文件处理一系列规则来帮助udev**分配名字**给设备文件以保证能被内核识别。
• 规则文件里的规则有一系列的键/值对组成，键/值对之间用逗号(,)分割。
• 每一个键或者是用户匹配键，或者是一个赋值键。匹配键确定规则是否被应用，而赋值键表示分配某值给该键。
• 这些值将影响udev创建的设备文件。赋值键可以处理一个多值列表。

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
例如：ATTR{address}是主机自带网卡的为eth0，这里98:90:96:d6:cd:b5 为eth0，ATTR{address}是额外加的网卡按顺序从小到大为依次为eth1 eth2 eth3...
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="a0:36:9f:80:05:f4", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"
# PCI device 0x8086:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:19.0 (e1000e)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="98:90:96:d6:cd:b5", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x8086:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1 (igb)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="a0:36:9f:80:05:f5", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2"

8.安装kvm虚拟机

8.1. Install KVM

root@ltepc11:/# apt-get install kvm qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst bridge-utils virt-viewer
警告:
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'qmail-run' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'qmail' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'qmail-uids-gids' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed

8.2 添加root到libvirtd

# 添加用户到libvirtd用户组, 之后重新登录
root@ltepc42:/# adduser root libvirtd
# libvirtd 用户组?? 什么作用??

验证:
root@ltepc42:/etc# id lte
uid=1000(lte) gid=1000(lte) groups=1000(lte),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),109(lpadmin),124(sambashare),126(libvirtd)

8.3 查看正在运行vm列表

root@ltepc42:/etc# virsh -c qemu:///system list
# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 6     ltepc42vm5                     running
 8     ltepc42vm4                     running
 9     ltepc42vm3                     running
 10    ltepc42vm1                     running

8.4 创建bridges(??)

具体每个网卡是做什么的??
Edit /etc/network/interfaces to create bridges (copy over the same file from ltepc10, then edit)
根据PC规划表（因为这里配置的网段是实验室的ip网段，重启之后，PC将不能上网，等搬到实验室才能上网）

root@ltepc11:/# vi /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet manual
auto eth2
iface eth2 inet manual
auto eth3
iface eth3 inet manual
auto eth4
iface eth4 inet manual
# bridge interfaces
auto br0
iface br0 inet static
    address 172.0.5.170
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 172.0.5.1
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
    bridge_ports eth0
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        bridge_maxwait 0
auto br1
iface br1 inet static
        address 172.1.1.170
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eth1
            bridge_stp off
            bridge_fd 0
            bridge_maxwait 0
auto br2
iface br2 inet static
        address 172.2.1.170
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eth2
            bridge_stp off
            bridge_fd 0
            bridge_maxwait 0
auto br3
iface br3 inet static
        address 172.3.1.170
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eth3
            bridge_stp off
            bridge_fd 0
            bridge_maxwait 0
auto br4
iface br4 inet static
        address 172.4.1.170
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eth4
            bridge_stp off
            bridge_fd 0
            bridge_maxwait 0

8.5 reboot the PC

root@ltepc11:/# reboot

8.6 enter root user

lte@ltepc11:~$ sudo -s

8.7 Create the VM:

root@ltepc11:/# virt-install --name ltepc11vm1 -r 2048 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/ltepc11vm1_img,size=40 --vcpu=2 --os-type linux -w bridge=br0 -w bridge=br1, -w bridge=br2, -w bridge=br3, -w bridge=br4 --virt-type kvm --cdrom=/public/ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso

8.8 重复 1~6 操作

8.9 Set auto start:

root@ltepc11:/# virsh autostart ltepc15vm1

8.10 shutdown

root@ltepc11:/#virsh shutdown ltepc15vm1

8.11 Clone VM

直接复制虚拟机减少重复操作

root@ltepc11:/#virt-clone --connect=qemu:///system -o ltepc11vm1 -n ltepc11vm2 -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/ltepc11vm2_img
root@ltepc11:/#virt-clone --connect=qemu:///system -o ltepc11vm1 -n ltepc11vm3 -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/ltepc11vm3_img

9.虚拟机操作

9.1登录到虚拟机

root@ltepc11:/# virt-viewer ltepc11vm2

9.2 切换到root用户

lte@ltepc11vm2:~$ sudo -s
[sudo] password for lte:

9.3修改hostname：

root@ltepc11vm2:~# vi /etc/hosts
第二行修改如下：
127.0.1.1       ltepc11vm2
root@ltepc11vm2:~# vi /etc/hostname
第一行修改如下：
ltepc11vm2

9.4 重启虚拟机

root@ltepc11vm2:~# reboot

9.5 修改虚拟机内部IP

在虚拟机 VM1(VM2/VM3/VM4) 修改ip，根据PC规划表

root@ltepc11vm2:~# vi /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 172.0.10.41
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 172.0.5.1
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
    address 172.1.10.41
    netmask 255.255.255.0
auto eth2
iface eth2 inet static
    address 172.2.10.41
    netmask 255.255.255.0

9.6 重启虚拟机：

root@ltepc11vm2:~# reboot

10.设置虚拟机开机自动重启

root@ltepc11:/# virsh autostart ltepc11vm1
root@ltepc11:/# virsh autostart ltepc11vm3
root@ltepc11:/# virsh autostart ltepc11vm4
root@ltepc11:/# virsh autostart ltepc11vm5